ADEPT YOURSELF
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CBSE Class X – Science
Sample Question Paper – Set 2
Academic Session: 2026–2027
General Instructions:
- This question paper consists of 39 questions in three sections: Section A – Biology, Section B – Chemistry and Section C – Physics.
- All questions are compulsory. Internal choices are provided in some questions.
- The question paper contains objective, assertion-reason, short-answer, case/source-based and long-answer questions.
- For numerical questions, show the necessary steps of calculation.
- Draw neat and properly labelled diagrams wherever required.
- Use of calculators is not permitted.
SECTION A – BIOLOGY
Q1.
Which part of the human digestive system is mainly responsible for the absorption of digested nutrients into the bloodstream?
[1]
Q2.
Which component of blood is primarily responsible for the transport of oxygen?
[1]
Q3.
A plant shoot bends towards a source of light because:
[1]
Q4.
Which structure in a neuron receives information from neighbouring neurons?
[1]
Q5.
In human beings, fertilisation normally takes place in the:
[1]
Q6.
Which of the following is an example of a biodegradable substance?
[1]
For Q7 and Q8, select the correct option:(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Q7.Assertion (A):
The exchange of gases in the lungs occurs efficiently through the alveoli.
Reason (R): Alveoli provide a large surface area and have thin, moist walls surrounded by blood capillaries.[1]
Reason (R): Alveoli provide a large surface area and have thin, moist walls surrounded by blood capillaries.[1]
Q8.Assertion (A):
The amount of energy available decreases at successive trophic levels.
Reason (R): Only a small proportion of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next.[1]
Reason (R): Only a small proportion of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next.[1]
Q9.
Differentiate between aerobic and anaerobic respiration on the basis of:
(i) requirement of oxygen and
(ii) products formed.
[2]
Q10.
Why is the transport of food through phloem described as translocation?
Mention one role of energy in this process.
[2]
Q11.
Explain how reflex actions help protect the human body from sudden harmful stimuli.
Describe the pathway followed by the nerve impulse in a reflex arc.
[3]
Q12.A pea plant having genotype Tt is crossed with another plant having genotype Tt.
(a) Write the possible gametes produced by each parent.
(b) Draw the Punnett square.
(c) State the phenotypic ratio obtained.[3]
(a) Write the possible gametes produced by each parent.
(b) Draw the Punnett square.
(c) State the phenotypic ratio obtained.[3]
Q13.
Explain why reproduction is essential for the continuity of a species.
Mention two advantages of variation produced during reproduction.
[3]
Q14. Read the following passage and answer the questions:
[4]
Plants coordinate their growth and responses with the help of chemical substances
called plant hormones. Auxin promotes cell growth and is involved in phototropism.
Gibberellins promote growth of stems. Cytokinins promote cell division, while
abscisic acid generally inhibits growth and helps plants respond to stress.
(a) Name the hormone associated with phototropic bending of shoots. [1]
(b) Which hormone generally inhibits growth and helps plants respond to stress? [1]
(c) Explain how auxin causes a shoot to bend towards light. [2]
(b) Which hormone generally inhibits growth and helps plants respond to stress? [1]
(c) Explain how auxin causes a shoot to bend towards light. [2]
OR
(c) Differentiate between a tropic movement and a nastic movement with one example of each. [2]Q15.(a) Explain the process of double circulation in human beings.
(b) Why is separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood important in humans?
(c) Draw a neat labelled diagram of the human heart showing the four chambers.[5]
(b) Why is separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood important in humans?
(c) Draw a neat labelled diagram of the human heart showing the four chambers.[5]
OR
(a) Explain the process of urine formation in the nephron.
(b) What is the role of selective reabsorption?
(c) Why is excretion necessary for maintaining the internal balance of the body?[5]
(b) What is the role of selective reabsorption?
(c) Why is excretion necessary for maintaining the internal balance of the body?[5]
SECTION B – CHEMISTRY
Q16.
When magnesium ribbon is burnt in air, the product formed is:
[1]
Q17.
A solution with pH 2 is:
[1]
Q18.
Which metal is generally stored under kerosene because it reacts vigorously with air and moisture?
[1]
Q19.
Which functional group is present in ethanol?
[1]
Q20.
Which of the following is an example of a decomposition reaction?
[1]
Q21.Assertion (A):
Copper does not liberate hydrogen gas when it reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid.
Reason (R): Copper is placed below hydrogen in the reactivity series.[1]
Reason (R): Copper is placed below hydrogen in the reactivity series.[1]
Q22.
What happens when an acid reacts with a metal carbonate?
Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium carbonate.
[2]
Q23.An element X reacts with oxygen to form an oxide X₂O₃.
The oxide reacts with both acids and bases.
(a) What type of oxide is X₂O₃?
(b) Identify one metal that can form such an oxide.
(c) Explain the term amphoteric oxide with one chemical equation.[3]
(a) What type of oxide is X₂O₃?
(b) Identify one metal that can form such an oxide.
(c) Explain the term amphoteric oxide with one chemical equation.[3]
OR
Explain the difference between ionic compounds and covalent compounds on the basis of:
(i) formation of bonds,
(ii) melting points and
(iii) electrical conductivity.[3]
Q24.
Explain the following:
(a) Why do ionic compounds have high melting points?
(b) Why do ionic compounds conduct electricity in molten or aqueous states?
(c) Why do covalent compounds generally have low melting points?[3]
(a) Why do ionic compounds have high melting points?
(b) Why do ionic compounds conduct electricity in molten or aqueous states?
(c) Why do covalent compounds generally have low melting points?[3]
Q25. Read the following passage and answer the questions:
[4]
Metals and non-metals differ considerably in their physical and chemical properties.
Metals generally lose electrons to form positive ions, whereas non-metals generally
gain or share electrons. The reactivity of metals can be compared using the
reactivity series. A more reactive metal can displace a less reactive metal from
its salt solution.
(a) What happens when zinc is placed in copper sulphate solution? [1]
(b) Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction. [1]
(c) Why can copper not displace zinc from zinc sulphate solution? Explain using the reactivity series. [2]
(b) Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction. [1]
(c) Why can copper not displace zinc from zinc sulphate solution? Explain using the reactivity series. [2]
OR
(c) Explain why highly reactive metals such as sodium are extracted by electrolysis rather than by reduction with carbon. [2]Q26.(a) What is a homologous series?
(b) Write the molecular formulae of the first three members of the alkane series.
(c) Explain why carbon forms a very large number of compounds.[5]
(b) Write the molecular formulae of the first three members of the alkane series.
(c) Explain why carbon forms a very large number of compounds.[5]
OR
(a) Explain the cleansing action of soap.
(b) Why does soap not work effectively with hard water?
(c) State one advantage of detergents over soaps.[5]
(b) Why does soap not work effectively with hard water?
(c) State one advantage of detergents over soaps.[5]
Q27.
Write balanced chemical equations for:
(a) Reaction of calcium oxide with water.
(b) Reaction of sodium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid.[2]
(a) Reaction of calcium oxide with water.
(b) Reaction of sodium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid.[2]
SECTION C – PHYSICS
Q28.
The image formed by a plane mirror is:
[1]
Q29.
The SI unit of electric resistance is:
[1]
Q30.
If the length of a uniform conductor is doubled while its cross-sectional area remains unchanged, its resistance becomes:
[1]
Q31.
The direction of magnetic field around a straight current-carrying conductor can be determined using:
[1]
Q32.Assertion (A):
A fuse wire is connected in series with an electrical appliance.
Reason (R): The fuse should melt and break the circuit when excessive current flows.[1]
Reason (R): The fuse should melt and break the circuit when excessive current flows.[1]
Q33.Assertion (A):
A convex lens can form a real and inverted image.
Reason (R): A convex lens converges parallel rays of light towards its principal focus.[1]
Reason (R): A convex lens converges parallel rays of light towards its principal focus.[1]
Q34.
A resistor of resistance 10 Ω is connected to a 20 V battery.
Calculate the current flowing through the resistor.
[2]
Q35.
State the two laws of reflection of light.
[2]
OR
A ray of light passes from air into glass. Will it bend towards or away from the normal?
Give a reason.[2]
Q36.(a) Why does a concave mirror form different types of images depending on the position of the object?
(b) State one use of a concave mirror in everyday life.[3]
(b) State one use of a concave mirror in everyday life.[3]
Q37.Two resistors of 6 Ω and 3 Ω are connected in series with a 9 V battery.
(a) Calculate their equivalent resistance.
(b) Calculate the current flowing through the circuit.
(c) Find the potential difference across the 6 Ω resistor.[3]
(a) Calculate their equivalent resistance.
(b) Calculate the current flowing through the circuit.
(c) Find the potential difference across the 6 Ω resistor.[3]
Q38. Read the following passage and answer the questions:
[4]
Electrical appliances are generally connected in parallel in domestic circuits.
This arrangement allows each appliance to receive the same potential difference
and operate independently. Electrical power is given by P = VI and electrical
energy consumed by an appliance depends on its power rating and operating time.
(a) Why are household appliances connected in parallel? [1]
(b) An appliance operates at 220 V and draws a current of 2 A. Calculate its power. [1]
(c) A 1000 W heater is used for 2 hours daily for 30 days. Calculate the electrical energy consumed in kWh. [2]
(b) An appliance operates at 220 V and draws a current of 2 A. Calculate its power. [1]
(c) A 1000 W heater is used for 2 hours daily for 30 days. Calculate the electrical energy consumed in kWh. [2]
OR
(c) Two bulbs rated 60 W and 100 W are connected to the same voltage.
Which bulb has greater resistance? Show the relation used. [2]Q39.(a) An object is placed 30 cm in front of a convex lens of focal length 20 cm.
(i) Calculate the image distance using the lens formula.
(ii) State the nature of the image.
(iii) Calculate the magnification.
(b) Define the power of a lens. Calculate the power of a convex lens having focal length 50 cm.[5]
(i) Calculate the image distance using the lens formula.
(ii) State the nature of the image.
(iii) Calculate the magnification.
(b) Define the power of a lens. Calculate the power of a convex lens having focal length 50 cm.[5]
OR
(a) State Fleming’s Left-Hand Rule.
(b) What happens to a current-carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field?
(c) State any two factors on which the force acting on the conductor depends.
(d) Mention one practical application of this effect.[5]
(b) What happens to a current-carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field?
(c) State any two factors on which the force acting on the conductor depends.
(d) Mention one practical application of this effect.[5]
ADEPT YOURSELF
MARKING SCHEME & ANSWERS
CBSE Class X Science – Practice Paper Set 2
Academic Session: 2026–2027
Section A – Biology
| Q.No. | Answer / Value Points | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | (b) Small intestine | 1 |
| 2 | (c) Red blood cells | 1 |
| 3 | (b) Auxin promotes greater growth on the shaded side | 1 |
| 4 | (b) Dendrite | 1 |
| 5 | (c) Fallopian tube | 1 |
| 6 | (c) Vegetable peels | 1 |
| 7 | (a) Both A and R are true and R correctly explains A. | 1 |
| 8 | (a) Both A and R are true and R correctly explains A. | 1 |
| 9 | Aerobic respiration requires oxygen and generally produces carbon dioxide and water. Anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen and may produce ethanol and carbon dioxide in yeast or lactic acid in muscles. | 2 |
| 10 | Food is transported from source to sink through phloem. Energy in the form of ATP is required for loading and unloading of food. | 2 |
| 11 | Reflex action is a rapid protective response. Pathway: receptor → sensory neuron → spinal cord → motor neuron → effector. | 3 |
| 12 | Gametes: T and t from each parent. Offspring: TT, Tt, Tt, tt. Phenotypic ratio = 3 tall : 1 short. | 3 |
| 13 | Reproduction maintains continuity of species. Variations may help organisms survive environmental changes and contribute to evolution. | 3 |
| 14 | (a) Auxin. (b) Abscisic acid. (c) Auxin accumulates more on the shaded side and promotes greater cell elongation there, causing the shoot to bend towards light. | 4 |
| 15 |
Double circulation involves pulmonary and systemic circulation, maintaining
separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood. Diagram should show four
chambers and major blood vessels.
OR Urine formation involves filtration, selective reabsorption and secretion. Excretion removes metabolic wastes and maintains internal balance. | 5 |
Section B – Chemistry
| Q.No. | Answer / Value Points | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| 16 | (b) Magnesium oxide | 1 |
| 17 | (a) Strongly acidic | 1 |
| 18 | (b) Sodium | 1 |
| 19 | (c) –OH | 1 |
| 20 | (c) CaCO₃ → CaO + CO₂ | 1 |
| 21 | (a) Both A and R are true and R correctly explains A. | 1 |
| 22 |
Acid + metal carbonate → salt + water + carbon dioxide.
Na₂CO₃ + 2HCl → 2NaCl + H₂O + CO₂ | 2 |
| 23 | (a) Amphoteric oxide. (b) Aluminium. (c) Amphoteric oxides react with both acids and bases. Example: Al₂O₃ + 6HCl → 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂O. | 3 |
| 24 | Strong electrostatic forces give ionic compounds high melting points. Ions conduct electricity in molten or aqueous states because they are free to move. Covalent compounds generally have weaker intermolecular forces. | 3 |
| 25 | Zn + CuSO₄ → ZnSO₄ + Cu. Zinc is more reactive than copper and therefore displaces copper. Copper cannot displace zinc because it is below zinc in the reactivity series. | 4 |
| 26 |
A homologous series is a family of organic compounds having the same functional
group and general formula, with successive members differing by CH₂.
First three alkanes: CH₄, C₂H₆, C₃H₈.
Carbon forms many compounds because of tetravalency and catenation.
OR Soap molecules have hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts and form micelles. Hard water forms insoluble scum with soap. Detergents work better in hard water. | 5 |
| 27 |
(a) CaO + H₂O → Ca(OH)₂
(b) NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H₂O | 2 |
Section C – Physics
| Q.No. | Answer / Value Points | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| 28 | (b) Virtual and erect | 1 |
| 29 | (c) Ohm | 1 |
| 30 | (b) Double | 1 |
| 31 | (c) Right-Hand Thumb Rule | 1 |
| 32 | (a) Both A and R are true and R correctly explains A. | 1 |
| 33 | (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the complete explanation of A. | 1 |
| 34 |
V = IR
I = V/R = 20/10 = 2 A. | 2 |
| 35 |
(i) The incident ray, reflected ray and normal lie in the same plane.
(ii) Angle of incidence equals angle of reflection.
OR The ray bends towards the normal because glass is optically denser than air. | 2 |
| 36 | The nature and position of the image depend on the object’s position relative to the focus and centre of curvature. A concave mirror is used, for example, as a shaving/makeup mirror or in headlights. | 3 |
| 37 |
R = 6 + 3 = 9 Ω.
I = V/R = 9/9 = 1 A. Potential difference across 6 Ω = IR = 1 × 6 = 6 V. | 3 |
| 38 |
Appliances are connected in parallel so each receives the same voltage and
can operate independently.
P = VI = 220 × 2 = 440 W. 1000 W = 1 kW; energy = 1 × 2 × 30 = 60 kWh. OR R = V²/P, so the 60 W bulb has greater resistance. | 4 |
| 39 |
Lens formula:
1/f = 1/v − 1/u
f = +20 cm, u = −30 cm. 1/20 = 1/v + 1/30 1/v = 1/60 v = +60 cm. The image is real, inverted and magnified. m = v/u = 60/−30 = −2. Power P = 1/f(m) = 1/0.50 = +2 D. OR Fleming’s Left-Hand Rule gives the direction of force on a current-carrying conductor. The force depends on magnetic field strength, current and length of conductor in the field. One application is an electric motor. | 5 |