ADEPT YOURSELF
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CBSE CLASS X – SCIENCE SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER
SET – 4 | ACADEMIC SESSION 2026–2027
General Instructions:
- This question paper consists of 39 questions divided into Sections A, B and C.
- All questions are compulsory.
- Internal choices are provided in some questions. Attempt only one alternative wherever applicable.
- Questions include MCQs, Assertion–Reason, Very Short Answer, Short Answer, Case-Based and Long Answer questions.
- Marks are indicated against each question.
- Write all answers clearly and show necessary calculations wherever required.
- Draw neat and properly labelled diagrams wherever asked.
SECTION A – BIOLOGY
Q1.
Which part of the human digestive system is mainly responsible for the absorption of digested nutrients?[1]
Q2.
Which component of blood is primarily responsible for the transport of oxygen?[1]
Q3.
The hormone responsible for the growth of the shoot towards light is:[1]
Q4.
Which of the following is an example of asexual reproduction?[1]
Q5.
In Mendel’s pea plant experiments, the trait that appears in the F₁ generation is called:[1]
Q6.
Which organism occupies the first trophic level in a food chain?[1]
Q7.Assertion (A):
The exchange of gases in the lungs takes place through thin-walled alveoli.
Reason (R): Alveoli provide a large surface area and have a rich supply of blood capillaries.[1]
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Reason (R): Alveoli provide a large surface area and have a rich supply of blood capillaries.[1]
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Q8.Assertion (A):
The sex of a child is determined by the father.
Reason (R): Human males produce two types of gametes containing either X or Y chromosome.[1]
Reason (R): Human males produce two types of gametes containing either X or Y chromosome.[1]
Q9.
Differentiate between aerobic and anaerobic respiration. Give one example of an organism or situation where anaerobic respiration occurs.[2]
Q10.
Explain how water is transported from the roots to the leaves in tall plants. Mention the role of transpiration.[2]
Q11.(a) What is reflex action?
(b) Explain the role of the spinal cord in a reflex arc.
(c) Why is reflex action considered a protective mechanism?[3]
(b) Explain the role of the spinal cord in a reflex arc.
(c) Why is reflex action considered a protective mechanism?[3]
Q12.
A tall pea plant with genotype Tt is crossed with another tall pea plant having genotype Tt.
(a) Write the possible gametes.
(b) Draw the Punnett square.
(c) State the phenotypic ratio of the offspring.[3]
(a) Write the possible gametes.
(b) Draw the Punnett square.
(c) State the phenotypic ratio of the offspring.[3]
Q13.
Explain the process of double circulation in human beings. Why is separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood important?[3]
Q14. Read the following passage and answer the questions:[4]
(b) Which hormone promotes cell division?
(c) State two functions of plant hormones.
OR
Explain how auxin causes a shoot to bend towards light.
Plants respond to various environmental stimuli through chemical coordination. Plant hormones regulate growth, development and responses. Auxin promotes cell growth and helps shoots bend towards light. Gibberellins promote growth in stems. Cytokinins help in cell division, while abscisic acid generally inhibits growth and helps plants respond to stress.
(a) Name the hormone responsible for phototropic movement.(b) Which hormone promotes cell division?
(c) State two functions of plant hormones.
OR
Explain how auxin causes a shoot to bend towards light.
Q15.(a) Draw a neat labelled diagram of the human female reproductive system.
(b) Explain the functions of the ovary and uterus.
(c) State two methods of contraception.[5]
(b) Explain ultrafiltration and selective reabsorption.
(c) How is urine finally formed?
(b) Explain the functions of the ovary and uterus.
(c) State two methods of contraception.[5]
OR
(a) Draw a labelled diagram of a nephron.(b) Explain ultrafiltration and selective reabsorption.
(c) How is urine finally formed?
SECTION B – CHEMISTRY
Q16.
When magnesium ribbon burns in oxygen, it produces:[1]
Q17.
A solution with pH 2 is:[1]
Q18.
Which gas is evolved when dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with sodium carbonate?[1]
Q19.
Which metal is generally stored under kerosene oil?[1]
Q20.
The functional group present in ethanol is:[1]
Q21.Assertion (A):
Ionic compounds generally have high melting points.
Reason (R): Strong electrostatic forces exist between oppositely charged ions.[1]
Reason (R): Strong electrostatic forces exist between oppositely charged ions.[1]
Q22.
Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction between zinc and dilute hydrochloric acid. Name the gas evolved and state one test for it.[2]
Q23.
Explain the difference between oxidation and reduction. Identify the substance oxidised and the substance reduced in:
CuO + H₂ → Cu + H₂O[3]
CuO + H₂ → Cu + H₂O[3]
OR
Explain why metals such as sodium and potassium cannot be extracted by reduction with carbon.Q24.
Explain the following properties of carbon compounds:
(a) Catenation
(b) Tetravalency
(c) Formation of covalent bonds[3]
(a) Catenation
(b) Tetravalency
(c) Formation of covalent bonds[3]
Q25. Read the following passage and answer the questions:[4]
(b) Name the gas produced when an acid reacts with a carbonate.
(c) What is a neutralisation reaction?
OR
Explain the importance of pH in everyday life with two examples.
Acids and bases have several important properties. Acids react with certain metals to produce hydrogen gas. They also react with carbonates to release carbon dioxide. Bases react with acids in neutralisation reactions to form salt and water. The pH scale is used to measure the acidic or basic nature of a solution.
(a) What happens when an acid reacts with a metal?(b) Name the gas produced when an acid reacts with a carbonate.
(c) What is a neutralisation reaction?
OR
Explain the importance of pH in everyday life with two examples.
Q26.(a) Explain esterification.
(b) Write the chemical equation for the reaction between ethanol and ethanoic acid.
(c) What is saponification?[5]
(b) Why does soap not work effectively in hard water?
(c) Give one advantage of detergents over soaps.
(b) Write the chemical equation for the reaction between ethanol and ethanoic acid.
(c) What is saponification?[5]
OR
(a) Explain the cleansing action of soap.(b) Why does soap not work effectively in hard water?
(c) Give one advantage of detergents over soaps.
Q27.
Write balanced chemical equations for the following:
(a) Calcium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid.
(b) Sodium hydroxide reacts with hydrochloric acid.[2]
(a) Calcium carbonate reacts with hydrochloric acid.
(b) Sodium hydroxide reacts with hydrochloric acid.[2]
SECTION C – PHYSICS
Q28.
Which mirror is commonly used as a rear-view mirror in vehicles?[1]
Q29.
The SI unit of electric current is:[1]
Q30.
If the resistance of a conductor is doubled while the potential difference remains constant, the current will:[1]
Q31.
Which device converts electrical energy into mechanical energy?[1]
Q32.Assertion (A):
The resistance of a conductor depends on its length.
Reason (R): Resistance is directly proportional to the length of a conductor.[1]
Reason (R): Resistance is directly proportional to the length of a conductor.[1]
Q33.Assertion (A):
A convex lens can form both real and virtual images.
Reason (R): The nature of the image formed by a convex lens depends on the position of the object.[1]
Reason (R): The nature of the image formed by a convex lens depends on the position of the object.[1]
Q34.
An object is placed 20 cm in front of a convex lens of focal length 10 cm. Calculate the position of the image formed.[2]
Q35.
State Ohm’s law. Write its mathematical expression and explain the meaning of each symbol.[2]
OR
A wire carries a current of 2 A when connected across a potential difference of 10 V. Calculate its resistance.Q36.(a) Why does the sky appear blue during the day?
(b) Why does the Sun appear reddish at sunrise and sunset?[3]
(b) Why does the Sun appear reddish at sunrise and sunset?[3]
Q37.
Two resistors of 6 Ω and 3 Ω are connected in parallel across a 12 V battery.
(a) Calculate their equivalent resistance.
(b) Calculate the total current supplied by the battery.
(c) Calculate the current through the 3 Ω resistor.[3]
(a) Calculate their equivalent resistance.
(b) Calculate the total current supplied by the battery.
(c) Calculate the current through the 3 Ω resistor.[3]
Q38. Read the following passage and answer the questions:[4]
(b) What is the commercial unit of electrical energy?
(c) What is the function of a fuse?
OR
A 1000 W heater operates for 2 hours. Calculate the electrical energy consumed in kWh.
Electrical appliances in homes are connected in parallel. This arrangement ensures that each appliance receives the same potential difference and can be operated independently. Electrical energy consumed by households is measured commercially in kilowatt-hour. A fuse is used as a safety device to protect electrical circuits from excessive current.
(a) Why are household appliances connected in parallel?(b) What is the commercial unit of electrical energy?
(c) What is the function of a fuse?
OR
A 1000 W heater operates for 2 hours. Calculate the electrical energy consumed in kWh.
Q39.(a) A convex lens has a focal length of 20 cm. An object is placed 30 cm in front of it. Calculate the position of the image using the lens formula.
(b) State whether the image is real or virtual.
(c) Define power of a lens and calculate the power of the lens.[5]
(b) Explain the working principle of an electric motor.
(c) Mention two ways of increasing the force acting on a current-carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field.
(b) State whether the image is real or virtual.
(c) Define power of a lens and calculate the power of the lens.[5]
OR
(a) State Fleming’s Left-Hand Rule.(b) Explain the working principle of an electric motor.
(c) Mention two ways of increasing the force acting on a current-carrying conductor placed in a magnetic field.