Class 11th English Medium Political Science Notes

🧾 CBSE Sample Question Paper 📘 General Instructions SECTION – A (Very Short Answer Questions) (1 mark each × 5 = 5 marks) Q1. Define the term ‘Rights’.Answer:Rights are those legal and moral claims that individuals make on society and the state, which enable them to live with dignity, freedom, and equality. Q2. Name any […]

🟩 CBSE CLASS 11 – POLITICAL SCIENCE (COURSE B) CHAPTER 8 – Recent Developments in Indian Politics Sample Question Paper (Full Marks: 40)Time: 90 Minutes 🧩 General Instructions: SECTION – A (Very Short Answer Type Questions) (1 Mark each) Q1. What is meant by the “Era of Coalitions” in Indian politics?Answer: The Era of Coalitions

🟩 Chapter 8 – Recent Developments in Indian Politics 🔹 Introduction 🔹 Context of the 1990s 🔹 Era of Coalitions 🔹 Central Governments Since 1989 🔹 Communalism, Secularism, Democracy 🔹 Emergence of a New Consensus 🔹 Party Position in 17th Lok Sabha (2019–present) 🔹 Conclusion

🟩 CBSE CLASS 11 – POLITICAL SCIENCE (COURSE B) CHAPTER 7 – Regional Aspirations Sample Question Paper (Full Marks: 40)Time: 90 Minutes 🧩 General Instructions: SECTION – A (Very Short Answer Type Questions) (1 Mark each) Q1. What is meant by “Regional Aspirations”?Answer: Regional aspirations are demands of a particular region for political, cultural, or

🟩 Chapter 7 – Regional Aspirations 🔹 Introduction 🔹 Regional Aspiration 🔹 Region and the Nation 🔹 Jammu and Kashmir 🔹 The North-East 🔹 Accommodation and National Integration 🔹 Conclusion

🟩 CBSE CLASS 11 – POLITICAL SCIENCE (COURSE B) CHAPTER 6 – The Crisis of Democratic Order Sample Question Paper (Full Marks: 40)Time: 90 Minutes 🧩 General Instructions: SECTION – A (Very Short Answer Type Questions) (1 Mark each) Q1. What is meant by the “Crisis of Democratic Order”?Answer: It refers to a period when

🟩 Chapter 6 – The Crisis of Democratic Order 🔹 Introduction 🔹 Background to Emergency 🔹 Declaration of Emergency 🔹 Politics after Emergency 🔹 Consequences of Emergency 🔹 Conclusion

🟩 CBSE CLASS 11 – POLITICAL SCIENCE (COURSE B) CHAPTER 5 – Outcomes of Development Sample Question Paper (Full Marks: 40)Time: 90 Minutes 🧩 General Instructions: SECTION – A (Very Short Answer Type Questions) (1 Mark each) Q1. Define “development outcomes”.Answer: Development outcomes are the real improvements in people’s lives resulting from economic, social, and

🟩 Chapter 5 – Outcomes of Development 🔹 Introduction 🔹 Economic Outcomes 🔹 Social Outcomes 🔹 Environmental Outcomes 🔹 Historical Context of Development in India 🔹 Political Outcomes of Development 🔹 Challenges in Achieving Desired Outcomes 🔹 Strategies to Improve Outcomes 🔹 Conclusion

🟩 CBSE CLASS 11 – POLITICAL SCIENCE (COURSE B) CHAPTER 4 – Challenges to Development Sample Question Paper (Full Marks: 40)Time: 90 Minutes 🧩 General Instructions: SECTION – A (Very Short Answer Type Questions) (1 Mark each) Q1. Define development in the context of a country.Answer: Development is the process of improving the economic, social,

🟩 Chapter 4 – Challenges to Development 🔹 Introduction 🔹 Poverty and Inequality 🔹 Unemployment 🔹 Regional Disparities 🔹 Social Exclusion 🔹 Environmental Challenges 🔹 Population Pressure 🔹 Challenges in Agriculture 🔹 Industrial and Technological Challenges 🔹 Challenges in Education and Health 🔹 Globalization and Development 🔹 Political Challenges 🔹 Strategies to Overcome Development Challenges

🟩 CBSE CLASS 11 – POLITICAL SCIENCE (COURSE B) CHAPTER 3 – Politics of Planned Development Sample Question Paper (Full Marks: 40)Time: 90 Minutes 🧩 General Instructions: SECTION – A (Very Short Answer Type Questions) (1 Mark each) Q1. In which year was the Planning Commission established?Answer: 1950 Q2. Who was the first Chairperson of

🟩 Chapter 3 – Politics of Planned Development (fu;ksftr fodkl dh jktuhfr) 🔹 Introduction 🔹 The Need for Planned Development 🔹 Establishment of the Planning Commission 🔹 Objectives of Planned Development The main objectives of planning in India were: 🔹 The First Five-Year Plan (1951–1956) 🔹 The Second Five-Year Plan (1956–1961) 🔹 The Third Five-Year

🟩 CBSE CLASS 11 – POLITICAL SCIENCE (COURSE B) CHAPTER 2 – THE ERA OF ONE-PARTY DOMINANCE Sample Question Paper (Full Marks: 40)Time: 90 Minutes 🧩 General Instructions: SECTION – A (Very Short Answer Type) (1 Mark each) Q1. Which political party dominated Indian politics immediately after Independence?Answer: The Indian National Congress (INC). Q2. In

🇮🇳 Era of One-Party Dominance 🪧 Introduction 🏛️ The Congress System and Its Dominance 📊 Challenge of Building a Party System 1. Absence of Strong Opposition 2. Formation of a Democratic Opposition 3. One-Party System or One-Party Dominance? ⚙️ Role and Nature of the Congress System 1. Broad-based Organization 2. Internal Democracy 3. Balancing Interests

🧭 CBSE SAMPLE PAPER (Political Science – Class 11, Course B) Chapter: Challenges of Nation-BuildingMaximum Marks: 40Time: 90 minutesGeneral Instructions: SECTION – A (Very Short Answer Questions) (1 mark each × 5 = 5 marks) Q1. When did India gain independence?Ans. India gained independence on 15th August 1947. Q2. Who played the main role in

CHAPTER 1 – CHALLENGES OF NATION-BUILDING Introduction 1. CHALLENGES OF NATION-BUILDING 1.1 Political Integration 1.2 Partition and Its Consequences 1.3 Economic Backwardness 1.4 Social Diversity and Unity 1.5 Establishing Democracy 1.6 Upholding Secularism 2. CHALLENGES OF NEW STATES AND REGIONS 2.1 Integration of Princely States Steps of Integration Examples 2.2 Reorganization of States Formation of

🏛️ CBSE Class 11 Political Science (Course A) Sample Paper (2025) Chapter 10: The Philosophy of the Constitution Maximum Marks: 40Time: 1 hour 30 minutes(No Copyright Material) General Instructions: SECTION – A: Very Short Answer Type Questions (1 Mark each) (Answer in about 20–30 words each) Answers (1 Mark Each) SECTION – B: Short Answer

🌿 Chapter 10: The Philosophy of the Constitution Introduction Key Ideas: What is Meant by the Philosophy of the Constitution? 1. Origin of Constitutional Philosophy 2. Meaning 3. Importance In short: The philosophy of the Constitution explains what kind of society India aspires to be and what values should guide its governance. Constitution as a

Chapter 10: The Philosophy of the Constitution Introduction What is meant by the philosophy of the Constitution? Key Points: Constitution as a Means of Democratic Transformation Key Objectives of Transformation: What is the Political Philosophy of Our Constitution? Core Principles: Limitations of the Constitution While the Constitution is visionary, it has practical limitations: Conclusion Key

CBSE Class 11 Political Science – Course A Chapter 9: Constitution as a Living Document Maximum Marks: 35Time: 2 Hours General Instructions: Section A: Very Short Answer Questions (1 × 5 = 5 Marks) Q1. Define a “living constitution”.Ans: A living constitution is one that adapts and evolves over time to meet the changing needs

CHAPTER 9: CONSTITUTION AS A LIVING DOCUMENT Introduction ARE CONSTITUTIONS STATIC? 1. Changing Society 2. Purpose of a Constitution 3. Ambiguity by Design 4. Democratic Flexibility 5. Continuity and Change HOW TO AMEND THE CONSTITUTION? 1. Purpose of Amendment 2. Methods of Amendment in India The Indian Constitution provides three types of amendment procedures: A.

🏛️ सीबीएसई नमूना प्रश्न पत्र (SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER) कक्षा – 11 (Class XI) विषय – राजनीति विज्ञान (Political Science) अध्याय 8 – स्थानीय सरकारें (Local Governments) समय : 1 घंटा 30 मिनट  अधिकतम अंक : 40 खंड A – अति लघु उत्तरीय प्रश्न (प्रत्येक 1 अंक) (प्रत्येक प्रश्न का उत्तर एक वाक्य में दीजिए) उत्तर –

🏛️ CBSE SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER Class XI – Political Science (Course A) Chapter 8 – LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Time: 90 Minutes  Maximum Marks: 40(No Copyright – Free for Academic Use) SECTION A – VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (1 Mark each) (Answer in one sentence only.) Answers – Section A SECTION B – SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (2 Marks

CHAPTER 8 – LOCAL GOVERNMENTS Introduction WHY LOCAL GOVERNMENTS? GROWTH OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN INDIA 1. Ancient and Medieval Periods 2. British Period 3. Post-Independence Period (Before 1992) LOCAL GOVERNMENTS IN INDEPENDENT INDIA 73RD AND 74TH AMENDMENTS (1992) Background 73RD AMENDMENT – RURAL LOCAL GOVERNMENT 1. Constitutional Provisions 2. Structure of Panchayati Raj Three-tier structure:

🏛️ CBSE CLASS 11 POLITICAL SCIENCE (COURSE A) SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER Chapter – 7: FederalismTime: 1 hour 30 minutes  Full Marks: 40 🧩 SECTION – A (Very Short Answer Questions) Each question carries 1 mark. (1 × 5 = 5 marks) Q1. What is the main characteristic of a federal government?Answer: Power is divided between the

CHAPTER 7 — FEDERALISM INTRODUCTION WHAT IS FEDERALISM? FEDERALISM IN THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION DIVISION OF POWERS FEDERALISM WITH A STRONG CENTRAL GOVERNMENT ROLE OF GOVERNORS AND PRESIDENT’S RULE SPECIAL PROVISIONS FOR CERTAIN STATES JAMMU AND KASHMIR (SPECIAL STATUS AND CHANGES) COOPERATIVE AND COMPETITIVE FEDERALISM CONCLUSION KEY TERMS Term Meaning Federalism Division of powers between central

CBSE Class 11 Political Science – Sample Question Paper Chapter 6: JudiciaryMaximum Marks: 80Time: 3 hours General Instructions: PART A: VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (1 mark each, 8 × 1 = 8 Marks) Answers – Part A PART B: SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (3–4 marks each, 6 × 3 = 18 Marks) Answers – Part B

JUDICIARY Introduction WHY DO WE NEED AN INDEPENDENT JUDICIARY? INDEPENDENCE OF JUDICIARY APPOINTMENT OF JUDGES REMOVAL OF JUDGES STRUCTURE OF THE JUDICIARY ADVISORY JURISDICTION JUDICIARY AND RIGHTS JUDICIARY AND PARLIAMENT CONCLUSION

CBSE Class 11 Political Science – Sample Question Paper Chapter 5: Legislature (Parliament)Maximum Marks: 80Time: 3 hours General Instructions: PART A: VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (1 mark each, 8 × 1 = 8 Marks) Answers – Part A PART B: SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (3–4 marks each, 6 × 3 = 18 Marks) Answers – Part

LEGISLATURE (PARLIAMENT) Introduction WHY DO WE NEED A PARLIAMENT? WHY DO WE NEED TWO HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT? RAJYA SABHA (COUNCIL OF STATES) LOK SABHA (HOUSE OF THE PEOPLE) POWERS OF RAJYA SABHA HOW DOES THE PARLIAMENT MAKE LAWS? HOW DOES THE PARLIAMENT CONTROL THE EXECUTIVE? HOW DOES THE PARLIAMENT REGULATE ITSELF? Conclusion

CBSE कक्षा 11 – राजनीतिक विज्ञान विषय: कार्यपालिका (Executive)समय: 3 घंटेअधिकतम अंक: 80 निर्देश: अनुभाग A – अति लघु उत्तर (1×6 = 6 अंक) उत्तर – अनुभाग A अनुभाग B – लघु उत्तर (3×6 = 18 अंक) उत्तर – अनुभाग B अनुभाग C – दीर्घ उत्तर (5×6 = 30 अंक) उत्तर – अनुभाग C अनुभाग

CBSE Class 11 Political Science – Sample Question Paper Time: 3 HoursMaximum Marks: 80 General Instructions: Section A – Very Short Answer Questions (1×6 = 6 Marks) Answers – Section A Section B – Short Answer Questions (3×6 = 18 Marks) Answers – Section B Section C – Long Answer Questions (5×6 = 30 Marks)

कक्षा 11 राजनीतिक विज्ञान नोट्स – कार्यपालिका 1. परिचय 2. कार्यपालिका क्या है? 3. कार्यपालिका के विभिन्न प्रकार 4. भारत में संसदीय कार्यपालिका 5. राष्ट्रपति का पद और शक्तियाँ 6. राष्ट्रपति के विवेकाधिकार (Discretionary Powers) 7. प्रधानमंत्री और मंत्रिपरिषद 8. स्थायी कार्यपालिका: ब्यूरोक्रेसी 9. निष्कर्ष

Class 11 Political Science Notes – Executive 1. Introduction 2. What is an Executive? 3. What are the Different Types of Executive? 4. Parliamentary Executive in India 5. Power and Position of the President 6. Discretionary Powers of the President 7. Prime Minister and Council of Ministers 8. Permanent Executive: Bureaucracy 9. Conclusion

CBSE Class 11 Political Science – Sample Question Paper Time: 3 HoursMaximum Marks: 80 General Instructions: Section A – Very Short Answer Questions (1×6 = 6 Marks) Answers – Section A Section B – Short Answer Questions (3×6 = 18 Marks) Answers – Section B Section C – Long Answer Questions (5×6 = 30 Marks)

Class 11 Political Science Notes – Electoral System and Reforms 1. Universal Franchise and Right to Contest 2. Independent Election Commission 3. Electoral Reforms 4. Conclusion