Probability Probability is the study of mathematics which calculates the degree of uncertainty. There are two types of approaches to study probability- 1. Experimental or Empirical Probability The result of probability based on the actual experiment is called experimental probability. In this case, the results could be different if we do the same experiment again. […]
Statistics Statistics is one of the parts of mathematics in which we study about the collecting, organizing, analyzing, interpreting and presenting data. Statistics is very helpful in real life situations as it is easy to understand if we represent a data in a particular number which represents all numbers. This number is called the measure of central
Surface Areas and Volumes Surface Area is the area of the outer part of any 3D figure and Volume is the capacity of the figure i.e. the space inside the solid. To find the surface areas and volumes of the combination of solids, we must know the surface area and volume of the solids separately. Some of the formulas of
Perimeter and Area of a Circle The perimeter of all the plain figures is the outer boundary of the figure. Likewise, the outer boundary of the circle is the perimeter of the circle. The perimeter of circle is also called the Circumference of the Circle. Circumference = 2πr = πd (π = 22/7) r = Radius
Circle A figure made by all the points which are at the same distance from a fixed point is called a Circle. 1. Center The fixed point is known as the centre of the circle. 2. Radius The distance from any point on the circle to the fixed point is the radius. Any line segment
Some Applications of Trigonometry Trigonometry can be used in many ways in the things around us like we can use it for calculating the height and distance of some objects without calculating them actually. Heights and Distances To find the height of an object or to find the distance of an object to the other
Trigonometry To find the distances and heights we can use the mathematical techniques, which come under the Trigonometry. It shows the relationship between the sides and the angles of the triangle. Generally, it is used in the case of a right angle triangle. Trigonometric Ratios In a right angle triangle, the ratio of its side and
Cartesian Coordinate System In the Cartesian coordinate system, there is a Cartesian plane which is made up of two number lines which are perpendicular to each other, i.e. x-axis (horizontal) and y-axis (vertical) which represents the two variables. These two perpendicular lines are called the coordinate axis. The intersection point of these two lines is known as the center
Triangles Any polygon which has three sides and three vertices is known as Triangle. Types of Triangles 1. There are three types of Triangles on the basis of the length of the sides. 2. There are three types of Triangles on the basis of angles. Centers of the Triangle There are four different centers of the
Arithmetic Progressions An Arithmetic Progression is a sequence of numbers in which we get each term by adding a particular number to the previous term, except the first term. Each number in the sequence is known as term. The fixed number i.e. the difference between each term with its preceding term is known as common difference. It can be
Quadratic Polynomial A polynomial, whose degree is 2, is called a quadratic polynomial. It is in the form of p(x) = ax2 + bx + c, where a ≠ 0 Quadratic Equation When we equate the quadratic polynomial to zero then it is called a Quadratic Equation i.e. if p(x) = 0, then it is known as
Linear Equations A Linear Equation is an equation of straight line. It is in the form of ax + by + c = 0 where a, b and c are the real numbers (a≠0 and b≠0) and x and y are the two variables, Here a and b are the coefficients and c is the
Polynomials A polynomial is an expression consists of constants, variables and exponents. It’s mathematical form is- anxn + an-1xn-1 + an-2xn-2 + a2x2 + a1x + a0 = 0 where the (ai)’s are constant Degree of Polynomials Let P(y) is a polynomial in y, then the highest power of y in the P(y) will be the degree of polynomial P(y).
Euclid’s Division Lemma It is basically the restatement of the usual division system. The formal statement for this is- For each pair of given positive integers a and b, there exist unique whole numbers q and r which satisfies the relation a = bq + r, 0 ≤ r < b, where q and r can also be Zero. where ‘a’ is
Class 10 History Quiz 1 – CBSE Class 10 History Quiz – CBSE Time Left: 20:00 1. Who is known as the ‘Father of the Indian Renaissance’? A) Raja Ram Mohan Roy B) Dadabhai Naoroji C) Bal Gangadhar Tilak D) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar 2. The Non-Cooperation Movement was launched in: A) 1915 B) 1920 C)
🌟 Introduction to Manufacturing Industries 🔹 Manufacturing refers to the process of converting raw materials into finished goods through manual labor or machinery.🔹 It is a secondary activity that plays a vital role in the economic development of a country.🔹 Manufacturing industries help in the modernization of agriculture, eradication of unemployment, and export growth.🔹 India
🌍 Introduction to Minerals and Energy Resources 🔸 Minerals and energy resources form the backbone of the industrial and economic development of a country.🔸 They are naturally occurring substances with definite chemical composition, found in the earth’s crust.🔸 These resources are essential for the manufacturing of goods, construction of buildings, and generation of power. ⛏️
फ्रांसीसी क्रांति (French Revolution) एक ऐसी घटना थी जिसने सिर्फ फ्रांस ही नहीं, बल्कि पूरी दुनिया को लोकतंत्र, समानता और स्वतंत्रता के नए रास्ते दिखाए। यह क्रांति 1789 में शुरू हुई और 1799 तक चली। इसने राजशाही व्यवस्था को खत्म कर के गणराज्य की स्थापना की। फ्रांसीसी क्रांति क्या थी? फ्रांसीसी क्रांति एक सामाजिक, राजनीतिक
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS 1. What is nationalism? Nationalism is an ideology that emphasizes loyalty, devotion, and pride in one’s nation. It is the belief that people who share a common language, culture, history, and ethnicity should form an independent nation-state. Nationalism often promotes a sense of unity and self-rule. 2. Name any two factors that
🔴 Introduction to Agriculture 🔹 Agriculture is the primary activity that involves the cultivation of crops, fruits, vegetables, flowers, and the rearing of livestock.🔹 It forms the backbone of the Indian economy, employing more than 50% of the Indian workforce.🔹 It contributes a significant share to India’s GDP, especially in rural areas.🔹 The word ‘agriculture’
🌊 Water Resources 🌟 Importance and Availability of Water Resources 🔵 Water is a renewable natural resource that plays a critical role in sustaining life, agriculture, industry, and ecosystems. 🔴 India receives precipitation of about 4000 cubic km annually, but only 1122 cubic km is available for use due to topographical and spatial variation. 🟢
🌟 Importance and Availability of Water Resources 🔵 Water is a renewable natural resource that plays a critical role in sustaining life, agriculture, industry, and ecosystems. 🔴 India receives precipitation of about 4000 cubic km annually, but only 1122 cubic km is available for use due to topographical and spatial variation. 🟢 Out of the
🌿 Introduction: Importance of Forest and Wildlife Resources 🌿 What is Biodiversity? 🌿 Significance of Forests and Wildlife 🌿 India’s Rich Biodiversity 🌿 Causes of Depletion of Forest and Wildlife Resources 🌿 Categories of Species (as per IUCN) 🌿 Biodiversity Crisis: A Major Concern 🌿 Development vs. Conservation 🌿 Need for Conservation 🌿 Governmental Conservation
🔹 What Are Resources? 🔹 Types of Resources 🔸 On the Basis of Origin 🔸 On the Basis of Exhaustibility 🔸 On the Basis of Ownership 🔸 On the Basis of Development 🔹 Resource Planning in India 🔹 Importance of Resource Planning 🔹 Conservation of Resources 🔹 Land Resources in India 🔸 Importance of Land
🟢 Origin and Growth of Print Culture 🔵 What is Print Culture? 🔵 Before the Age of Print – The Manuscript Culture 🔵 Invention of Printing in China 🔵 Print in Japan 🔵 Printing in Europe 🔵 Gutenberg’s Printing Press (1440) 🔵 The Print Revolution in Europe 🔵 Print and the Enlightenment 🔵 The French
🟢 The Beginning of Nationalism in India 🔵 Meaning of Nationalism 🔵 Factors that Led to Nationalism in India 🔵 The First World War and Nationalism 🔵 Arrival of Mahatma Gandhi 🔵 Satyagraha Movements Before 1919 🔵 Rowlatt Act (1919) and Reaction 🔵 Jallianwala Bagh Massacre (1919) 🟣 Major Movements and Impact of Indian Nationalism
🟢 I. Introduction to Industrialization 🔵 Industrialization refers to the process where industries were developed on a large scale with the use of machines, starting first in Britain in the 18th century.🔵 The First Industrial Revolution began around 1750 and drastically changed the world economically, socially, and politically.🔵 While commonly associated with modern factory production,
🕰️ I. The Pre-Modern World 🔵 The Global World Before the 19th Century 🟢 Silk Routes: Linking Distant Lands 🟣 Food as a Global Connector 🟡 Voyages and the New World 🟠 Conquest and Colonization 🔁 II. The Nineteenth Century (1815–1914) 🔴 A New Era of Global Economy 🟠 Technological Advancements in Transport 🟣 Colonial
🏛️ I. Emergence of Nationalism in Europe 🔵 Nationalism: 🟢 French Revolution (1789): 🔴 Impact of the French Revolution: 🟠 Napoleon’s Rule and Reactions: 🟣 Role of Liberalism: 🟡 Conservatism after 1815: 🔵 Giuseppe Mazzini and Young Italy: 🟢 Secret Societies: 🏞️ II. Unification Movements in Europe 🔴 Unification of Italy: 🟠 Unification of Germany:
🌍 Introduction to Nationalism in India 🔹 Nationalism refers to the feeling of unity and collective identity among a group of people who consider themselves a nation.🔹 In India, nationalism emerged as a powerful force in the early 20th century, uniting millions in the fight against British colonial rule.🔹 The First World War, economic hardships,
Introduction 🔬 A tissue is a group of similar cells performing a specific function.🌿 In plants, tissues provide support & transport.🦁 In animals, tissues perform movement, protection, and coordination. Tissues are broadly classified into:✔️ Plant Tissues 🌱✔️ Animal Tissues 🦠 Plant Tissues 1. Meristematic Tissues (Growth Tissues) 📌 These tissues have actively dividing cells found
Introduction The chapter “Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants” helps us understand how living organisms are built, from the cellular level to tissues, organs, and organ systems. It highlights the differences and similarities in the structural complexity of plants and animals. I. Structural Organisation in Plants 1. Tissues in Plants Plants are multicellular organisms with
