Q1. Assertion: Work done by a conservative force is path-independent.
Reason: Gravitational force is a conservative force.

Q2. Assertion: Magnetic field inside a long solenoid is uniform.
Reason: Solenoid has equal and parallel turns.

Q3. Assertion: Alpha particles are deflected by electric and magnetic fields.
Reason: Alpha particles are charged.

Q4. Assertion: Potential difference is measured in volts.
Reason: 1 volt = 1 joule/coulomb.

Q5. Assertion: Light of shorter wavelength is more energetic.
Reason: Energy of photon E = hc/λ.

Q6. Assertion: Convex lens always forms a magnified image.
Reason: Lens formula depends on object distance.

Q7. Assertion: Resistance is inversely proportional to area of cross-section.
Reason: Larger area allows more current.

Q8. Assertion: Velocity of sound depends on medium density and elasticity.
Reason: Sound cannot travel in vacuum.

Q9. Assertion: Electric field inside a conductor is zero at electrostatic equilibrium.
Reason: Charges reside only on surface in equilibrium.

Q10. Assertion: Current through a conductor is directly proportional to potential difference.
Reason: Ohm’s law states V = IR.