Part A – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) 1. Food security means:(a) Availability of food only(b) Access to sufficient and nutritious food(c) Low prices of food(d) Government supply of grainsAnswer: (b) Access to sufficient and nutritious food 2. Which of the following is a component of food security?(a) Availability of food(b) Access to food(c) Proper utilization […]
Part A – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) 1. Which of the following is a major cause of poverty in India?(a) Illiteracy(b) Unemployment(c) Unequal distribution of resources(d) All of the aboveAnswer: (d) All of the above 2. People living below the poverty line are unable to meet:(a) Their minimum food requirements(b) Educational expenses only(c) Entertainment expenses(d)
Part A – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) 1. Human capital refers to:(a) Physical assets like machinery(b) Skills, knowledge, and labour of people(c) Natural resources(d) Financial capitalAnswer: (b) 2. An example of human capital investment is:(a) Buying a tractor(b) Providing education and training(c) Building a warehouse(d) Importing fertilizersAnswer: (b) 3. Population becomes a resource when:(a) Uneducated
Part A – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) Q1. The main production activity in Palampur village is:a) Transportb) Farmingc) Dairyd) Small-scale manufacturingAnswer: b) Farming Q2. What is the standard unit of measuring land?a) Acreb) Bighac) Hectared) Square meterAnswer: c) Hectare Q3. HYV seeds stand for:a) High Yielding Varietyb) High Value Yieldc) Highly Yielding Vegetablesd) High Yielding
Part A – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) 1. Which of the following is not a Fundamental Right in India? a) Right to Equalityb) Right to Propertyc) Right to Freedomd) Right to Constitutional RemediesAns. b) Right to Property 2. The Fundamental Rights in India are included in which part of the Constitution? a) Part Ib) Part
Part A – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) Who is the head of the State in India?a) Prime Ministerb) Presidentc) Chief Justiced) Speaker of Lok SabhaAns: b) President Who is the real executive head in India?a) Presidentb) Prime Ministerc) Governord) Chief MinisterAns: b) Prime Minister The Indian Parliament consists of:a) Lok Sabha onlyb) Rajya Sabha onlyc)
Part A – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) Q1. Which body conducts elections in India?(a) Parliament(b) Election Commission of India(c) Supreme Court(d) State GovernmentAns: (b) Election Commission of India Q2. What is the minimum age to contest Lok Sabha elections?(a) 18 years(b) 21 years(c) 25 years(d) 30 yearsAns: (c) 25 years Q3. The right to vote
Part A – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) Q1. Who is known as the Father of the Indian Constitution? Q2. When was the Indian Constitution adopted? Q3. When did the Indian Constitution come into force? Q4. What was the main demand of the anti-apartheid movement in South Africa? Q5. Who became the first President of independent
Part A – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) Q1. Which form of government is considered the most accountable?(a) Dictatorship(b) Monarchy(c) Democracy(d) OligarchyAns: (c) Democracy Q2. Which of the following is an essential feature of democracy?(a) One-party rule(b) Military rule(c) Regular, free, and fair elections(d) Rule by kingsAns: (c) Regular, free, and fair elections Q3. In a
Part A – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) Q1. According to Census 2011, what was the population of India?a) 102 croreb) 121 crorec) 130 crored) 140 croreAns: b) 121 crore Q2. What is the rank of India in the world in terms of population size?a) Firstb) Secondc) Thirdd) FourthAns: b) Second Q3. Which state has the
Part A – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) Q1. Which type of forest is found in areas with more than 200 cm annual rainfall?a) Tropical Deciduousb) Tropical Evergreenc) Thorny Forestd) Montane ForestAns: b) Tropical Evergreen Q2. The Sundarbans are famous for which animal?a) Asiatic Lionb) Royal Bengal Tigerc) Snow Leopardd) Wild AssAns: b) Royal Bengal Tiger
Part A – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) Q1. Which of the following controls the climate of a place the most?(a) Latitude(b) Altitude(c) Ocean currents(d) All of theseAns: (d) All of these Q2. What is the average weather condition over a long period called?(a) Climate(b) Weather(c) Season(d) MonsoonAns: (a) Climate Q3. The monsoon winds blow from:(a)
Part A – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) Q1. The river Ganga originates from which glacier?a) Gangotrib) Yamunotric) Siachend) SatopanthAns: a) Gangotri Q2. Which of the following is a peninsular river?a) Gangab) Brahmaputrac) Godavarid) IndusAns: c) Godavari Q3. The world’s largest delta is –a) Sunderbans Deltab) Nile Deltac) Mississippi Deltad) Mekong DeltaAns: a) Sunderbans Delta Q4.
Part A – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) Q1. Which of the following is the oldest landmass of India?(a) Himalayas(b) Indo-Gangetic Plain(c) Peninsular Plateau(d) Coastal PlainsAnswer: (c) Peninsular Plateau Q2. The Himalayas were formed due to the collision of:(a) African Plate and Eurasian Plate(b) Indo-Australian Plate and Eurasian Plate(c) Pacific Plate and Eurasian Plate(d) American Plate
Part A – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) Q1. What is the total land area of India?a) 3.28 million sq kmb) 2.98 million sq kmc) 4.28 million sq kmd) 3.58 million sq kmAnswer: a) 3.28 million sq km Q2. India’s latitudinal extent is:a) 8°4′ N to 37°6′ Nb) 6°4′ N to 38°6′ Nc) 8°4′ S to
Part A – Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) Q1. Who were the Maasai in East Africa?A) Farmers practicing irrigationB) Pastoralists dependent on cattleC) Industrial workers in townsD) Fishermen along the coastAnswer: B) Pastoralists dependent on cattle Q2. Transhumance refers to:A) Moving livestock seasonally between pasturesB) Planting crops after clearing forestsC) Permanent migration of tribesD) Industrial labor
Part A – Multiple Choice Questions Q1. The British introduced which forest policy to control forests in India?a) Indian Forest Actb) Bengal Forest Actc) Madras Forest Actd) Punjab Forest ActAnswer: a) Indian Forest Act Q2. What was the main aim of the British forest policies?a) Protect wildlifeb) Generate revenue and timber for railwaysc) Encourage tribal
Part A – Multiple Choice Questions Q1. When did Adolf Hitler become the Chancellor of Germany?a) 1923b) 1933c) 1939d) 1945Answer: b) 1933 Q2. Which treaty is often called the “harsh peace” that humiliated Germany after World War I?a) Treaty of Brest-Litovskb) Treaty of Versaillesc) Treaty of Parisd) Treaty of LondonAnswer: b) Treaty of Versailles Q3.
Part A – Multiple Choice Questions (20) Q1. Who was the founder of the Russian Social Democratic Workers’ Party?(a) Karl Marx(b) Lenin(c) George Plekhanov(d) TrotskyAnswer: (c) George Plekhanov Q2. Who wrote The Communist Manifesto?(a) Lenin(b) Marx & Engels(c) Stalin(d) KerenskyAnswer: (b) Marx & Engels Q3. The Russian Revolution took place in:(a) 1905(b) 1914(c) 1917(d) 1920Answer:
Part A – MCQs (20 Questions) Q1. When did the French Revolution begin?a) 1789b) 1776c) 1799d) 1804Answer: a) 1789 Q2. Who formed the First Estate in France?a) Clergyb) Nobilityc) Peasantsd) Middle ClassAnswer: a) Clergy Q3. The Bastille was a symbol of –a) Libertyb) Royal Despotismc) Democracyd) EqualityAnswer: b) Royal Despotism Q4. Louis XVI was executed
Case Study 1 Food security means ensuring availability, accessibility, and affordability of food for all people at all times. In India, food security is necessary because a large section of the population is poor and cannot afford nutritious food. The buffer stock and Public Distribution System (PDS) play a key role in maintaining food security.
Case Study 1 Poverty is one of the biggest challenges in India. A large section of the population does not get even the minimum requirements of food, clothing, and shelter. They also lack access to education, healthcare, and sanitation. Poverty affects not just material well-being but also the overall quality of life, making it difficult
Case Study 1 Human beings, when educated and healthy, become assets for the country rather than liabilities. Investment in education, training, and healthcare improves productivity and skills. This process of treating humans as assets is called human resource development. An uneducated and unhealthy population, on the other hand, is a liability. Questions: Answers: Case Study
Case Study 1 Palampur is a well-connected village in western Uttar Pradesh. The village has about 450 families belonging to different castes. Most of the houses are made of brick and have electricity. The main occupation of people is farming, while some are also involved in dairy, small-scale manufacturing, transport, and shopkeeping. Farming is the
Case Study 1 The Right to Equality is a fundamental right in India. It guarantees equality before the law, prohibits discrimination on the basis of caste, religion, gender, or place of birth, and provides equal opportunities in employment. This ensures that every citizen is treated fairly. Questions & Answers: Case Study 2 The Right to
Case Study 1 In India, the President is the head of the state, while the Prime Minister is the head of the government. The President is the nominal executive, whereas the real powers are exercised by the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers. This system ensures a balance between ceremonial dignity and actual governance.
Case Study 1 Democratic elections allow citizens to choose their representatives. In India, regular elections are held at national, state, and local levels. The principle of universal adult franchise gives every citizen above 18 years the right to vote, making the process inclusive and participatory. Questions & Answers: Case Study 2 India conducts Lok Sabha
Case Study 1 South Africa experienced a long struggle against the system of apartheid. Under apartheid, the majority of Black people were denied basic rights such as voting, freedom of movement, and equality before the law. They had to carry passes, could not live in white areas, and were forced into separate schools and hospitals.
Case Study 1 Democracy is a system of government where rulers are elected by the people. The final decision-making power must rest with those elected by the people. In contrast, in a monarchy, power is inherited, and in a dictatorship, rulers are not answerable to citizens. Democracy ensures accountability, which is missing in non-democratic forms
Case Study 1 India is the second most populous country in the world after China, with a population of over 1.4 billion. The population growth has been influenced by factors like high birth rates, declining death rates, and improvements in healthcare. The dense population in the northern plains, coastal regions, and urban areas affects resources,
Case Study 1 India has a rich diversity of natural vegetation due to its varied climate, topography, and soil types. Tropical evergreen forests are found in regions with heavy rainfall like the Western Ghats, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, and northeastern states. These forests remain green throughout the year, have dense tree cover, and provide valuable
Case Study 1 India experiences a diverse climate because of its vast size, varied relief, and location between 8°4′ N and 37°6′ N latitude. It lies in the tropical and subtropical zones. While southern India has a tropical climate, the northern regions experience temperate and alpine conditions in the Himalayas. This diversity influences agriculture, vegetation,
Case Study 1 India has a vast and complex river system, with rivers classified broadly into Himalayan (or perennial) and Peninsular (or seasonal) rivers. Himalayan rivers like the Ganga, Yamuna, and Brahmaputra originate from glaciers in the Himalayas. They have a long course, are perennial, and provide fertile alluvial plains that support agriculture, settlements, and
Case Study 1 The Himalayas are the highest and youngest mountain ranges of India, stretching from Jammu & Kashmir in the west to Arunachal Pradesh in the east, covering approximately 2,500 km. They act as a natural barrier, protecting India from cold winds from Central Asia and influencing the climate. The Himalayan rivers like Ganga,
Case Study 1 India is the seventh largest country in the world, covering an area of about 32,87,263 sq. km. It lies entirely in the Northern Hemisphere between 8°4′ N to 37°6′ N latitude and 68°7′ E to 97°25′ E longitude. Its vast size gives India diverse climatic conditions, varied landscapes, and a wide range
Case Study 1 Pastoralists were communities whose main occupation was rearing animals. They lived in regions unsuitable for cultivation, such as deserts, mountains, and grasslands. Their movements were seasonal, following pastures and water sources. Colonial governments often viewed them as backward or unproductive, ignoring their knowledge of local ecosystems. Questions & Answers: Case Study 2
Case Study 1 During the colonial period, forests in India were heavily exploited for timber, fuel, and commercial purposes. British policies classified forests as state property and restricted local communities’ traditional rights. Villagers who depended on forests for grazing, fuelwood, and minor forest produce faced displacement and loss of livelihood. Questions & Answers: Case Study
Case Study 1 After World War I, Germany faced political instability, economic crisis, and humiliation due to the Treaty of Versailles (1919). Reparations, loss of territories, and national humiliation created anger and resentment among Germans. This environment provided fertile ground for extremist political movements, including the rise of the Nazi Party. Questions & Answers: Case
Case Study 1 In the 19th century, industrialization in Europe led to the growth of factories, urbanization, and exploitation of workers. The working class faced long hours, low wages, and poor living conditions. These inequalities inspired the ideas of socialism, emphasizing collective ownership, social justice, and equitable distribution of wealth. Questions & Answers: Case Study
Case Study 1 In the late 18th century, France was facing severe economic crisis. The monarchy under King Louis XVI was spending extravagantly while the common people suffered due to high taxes and food shortages. The society was divided into three estates: the clergy, the nobility, and the commoners. The burden of taxation fell mostly
