🌿 Introduction to Nitrogen-Containing Organic Compounds 🧑🔬 Organic compounds containing nitrogen are of immense importance in the pharmaceutical, dye, and agricultural industries. The key nitrogen compounds studied in this unit include: These compounds exhibit diverse properties and play critical roles in various chemical reactions. ⚗️ 1. Amines (Basic Nitrogen Compounds) 🍃 🧪 Structure of Amines […]
🌟 What are Biomolecules? 🧑🔬 🌿 Types of Biomolecules 🌱 1. 🍞 Carbohydrates (Energy Powerhouses) 2. 🍖 Proteins (Body Builders) 3. 🧈 Lipids (Fatty Energy Sources) 4. 🧬 Nucleic Acids (Genetic Blueprints) ✨ Enzymes and Their Mechanisms of Action 🔬 🌟 Vitamins, Hormones, and Their Biological Significance 💊 1. 🌞 Vitamins (Micronutrient Warriors) 2. 🧑🔬
🌟 What are Polymers? 🧑🔬 🎨 Classification of Polymers 📂 🎉 Types of Polymers ✍️ 🏠 Uses of Polymers in Industry and Daily Life 🏭 🌍 Polymers Around Us 🌱 💡 Interesting Facts 🤔 ✨ Summary 📑 ! 🌟🧪
1. Definition of Ecology 🌱 2. Levels of Organization 🔬 🌿 Ecosystem Structure and Function 🌿 1. Components of Ecosystems 🌱🌍 2. Energy Flow in Ecosystems 💡 3. Energy Transfer Efficiency 🌞 🌱 Biogeochemical Cycles 🌍 1. Water Cycle 💧 2. Carbon Cycle 🌳 3. Nitrogen Cycle 🌾 🌍 Environmental Issues 🌍 1. Biodiversity and
1. Pathogens and Diseases 🦠 2. Immune System and Immunity 🛡️ 3. Vaccination 💉 4. Human Diseases and Their Prevention 🔬 🌾 Improvement in Food Production 🌾 1. Plant Breeding 🌱 2. Tissue Culture 🧫 3. Biotechnology in Agriculture 🧬 🧬 Microorganisms in Human Welfare 🧬 1. Microbes in Food Production 🍞 2. Microorganisms in
🌟 Biotechnology: Principles and Techniques 🌟 🌱 Applications of Biotechnology 🌱 1. In Medicine 💉 2. In Agriculture 🌾 3. In Industry 🏭 🔬 Genetic Engineering in Animals 🐄 🌎 Environmental Applications 🌎 ⚖️ Ethical and Social Issues in Biotechnology ⚖️ Summary 📝 Biotechnology is a rapidly advancing field with applications in medicine, agriculture, industry,
📌 INTRODUCTION 🔬 PART 1: PRINCIPLES OF INHERITANCE AND VARIATION 🌿 Gregor Mendel – Father of Genetics 🟢 Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance 1️⃣ Law of Dominance – One allele is dominant over the other.2️⃣ Law of Segregation – Alleles separate during gamete formation.3️⃣ Law of Independent Assortment – Genes for different traits assort independently. 🌼
🔬 Introduction Reproduction is the biological process by which organisms produce their offspring. It ensures the continuity of species and can be of two types: 🌿 ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION 🔹 Features of Asexual Reproduction ✅ Single parent involved.✅ Offspring are genetically identical (clones).✅ No gametes or fertilization involved.✅ Fast process, common in unicellular organisms and plants.
🌱 Introduction Plant physiology deals with how plants function, including processes like photosynthesis, respiration, transpiration, and transport of nutrients. These processes help plants grow, develop, and survive. ☀️ Photosynthesis – The Life Process of Plants 👉 Definition: The process by which green plants make their own food using sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water. 🟢 Equation:
🔬 Introduction Human physiology is the study of how different systems in the body function and work together to sustain life. The human body has several organ systems, each performing vital roles. 🫁 The Human Digestive System 👉 Function: Converts food into simpler substances for absorption and energy production.👉 Main Organs: 📝 Key Concept: Digestion
Introduction 🔬 A tissue is a group of similar cells performing a specific function.🌿 In plants, tissues provide support & transport.🦁 In animals, tissues perform movement, protection, and coordination. Tissues are broadly classified into:✔️ Plant Tissues 🌱✔️ Animal Tissues 🦠 Plant Tissues 1. Meristematic Tissues (Growth Tissues) 📌 These tissues have actively dividing cells found
Introduction Biological classification helps in organizing organisms systematically. It is necessary for:✔️ Understanding evolutionary relationships.✔️ Easier identification and nomenclature. 🌿 Aristotle classified organisms into plants and animals.📜 Carl Linnaeus proposed the two-kingdom classification.🔬 R.H. Whittaker introduced the five-kingdom classification in 1969.🧬 Carl Woese proposed the three-domain system based on RNA sequencing. Five-Kingdom Classification (Whittaker, 1969)
Introduction The chapter “Structural Organisation in Animals and Plants” helps us understand how living organisms are built, from the cellular level to tissues, organs, and organ systems. It highlights the differences and similarities in the structural complexity of plants and animals. I. Structural Organisation in Plants 1. Tissues in Plants Plants are multicellular organisms with
Mistakes are not failures—they are stepping stones to success! If you’ve never made a mistake, it simply means you’ve never dared to try something new. Every great achievement is built on a foundation of trial, error, and learning. The most successful people in the world didn’t avoid mistakes—they embraced them! The Secret Behind Every Great
Education is not just about gaining knowledge—it’s about realising how much we still don’t know. Every step of learning opens new doors, revealing more questions than answers. The more we learn, the more we understand that true wisdom lies in recognising our own ignorance. Why Learning Never Ends 📖 Socrates once said, “The only true
Success isn’t just about how smart you are—it’s about how determined, positive, and resilient you are. Talent and intelligence can give you a head start, but it’s your mindset, effort, and persistence that take you to the top! Why Attitude Matters More Than Talent 🚀 Thomas Edison had little formal education, but his determination led
Education is the key to unlocking opportunities. Just as a passport allows you to travel to new places, knowledge opens doors to a brighter future. Those who invest in learning today are the ones who will shape the world of tomorrow. Why Education is the Ultimate Power 📖 Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam rose from humble
Success doesn’t wait for the perfect moment—it begins right now, with whatever resources, skills, and opportunities you have. You don’t need the best tools or ideal conditions to make progress. What matters is taking action. Why Starting Now is the Key to Success 🚀 Walt Disney started with just a sketchpad.🚀 Steve Jobs built Apple
Knowledge is transformative. Once a person is exposed to new ideas, perspectives, and experiences, their way of thinking expands forever. Just like a rubber band that stretches and never fully shrinks back, the mind grows with learning—and it never goes back to its old limits. The Power of Expanding Your Mind 🧠 Galileo challenged old
