ADEPT YOURSELF
www.adeptyourself.com β’ Academic Excellence Series
CBSE CLASS IX β SOCIAL SCIENCE (CODE NO. 087)
SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER β SET 4 | ACADEMIC SESSION 2026β2027
General Instructions:
- The question paper comprises Six Sections: A, B, C, D, E and F.
- There are 37 questions in total.
- All questions are compulsory.
- Section A contains Questions 1β20. Each question carries 1 mark.
- Section B contains Questions 21β24. Each question carries 2 marks.
- Section C contains Questions 25β29. Each question carries 3 marks.
- Section D contains Questions 30β33. Each question carries 5 marks.
- Section E contains Questions 34β36. Each case-based question carries 4 marks.
- Section F contains Question 37, carrying 5 marks, based on map skills (History 2 marks, Geography 3 marks).
- Internal choices are provided in selected questions.
SECTION A β MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (20 Marks)
Q1.
Who composed the patriotic song ‘La Marseillaise’, which later became the national anthem of France?
[1]
Q2.
Under Stalin’s rule in the USSR, collective farms where peasants pooled their land and tools were known as:
[1]
Q3.
Which island country is located directly to the south of the Lakshadweep Islands?
[1]
Q4.
In which country was the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) known for dominating and winning elections for decades through unfair means?
[1]
Q5.
Which of the following activities is classified under the secondary sector of an economy?
[1]
Q6.
The northern part of the western coastal plain of India is known as the:
[1]
Q7.
What did the red Phrygian cap worn by the revolutionaries in France symbolize?
[1]
Q8.
Which is the longest river in Peninsular India that forms a prominent delta on the east coast?
[1]
Q9.
Which of the following leaders was NOT a member of the Constituent Assembly of India?
[1]
Q10.
Unemployment that occurs when educated people seeking jobs cannot find employment matching their qualifications is termed as:
[1]
Q11.
Hitler’s minister who was assigned the responsibility of economic recovery and introduced the ‘Volkswagen’ car was:
[1]
Q12.
The drainage basin of which river system is shared by India, Pakistan, and China?
[1]
Q13.
Who acts as the presiding officer of the Lok Sabha during its sessions?
[1]
Q14.
In which of the following social groups is the poverty ratio the highest in India?
[1]
Q15.
The apparent deflection of winds towards the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere is caused by:
[1]
Q16.
What is the tenure of the members of the Rajya Sabha in India?
[1]
Q17.
Arrange the following in correct chronological order:
- French National Assembly passes the Declaration of Rights of Man
- Execution of Louis XVI
- Napoleon Bonaparte crowns himself Emperor of France
- Formation of the National Assembly at the Tennis Court
Q18.
Which scheme provides subsidized foodgrains specifically to indigent senior citizens in India?
[1]
Q19.
Assertion (A): The latitudinal extent of mainland India influences the duration of day and night from south to north.
Reason (R): Places located closer to the equator experience nearly equal duration of day and night throughout the year. [1]
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Reason (R): Places located closer to the equator experience nearly equal duration of day and night throughout the year. [1]
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Q20.
Assertion (A): A high infant mortality rate and high maternal mortality rate indicate poor human resource development.
Reason (R): Inadequate healthcare facilities and lack of maternal nutrition reduce the quality of life and human capital formation. [1]
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Reason (R): Inadequate healthcare facilities and lack of maternal nutrition reduce the quality of life and human capital formation. [1]
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
SECTION B β VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (8 Marks)
Q21.
Who were the ‘Liberals’ and ‘Radicals’ in 19th-century Europe? State one key difference in their views.
[2]
Q22.
Mention any two features of the Shiwalik ranges in the Outer Himalayas.
[2]
Q23.
What is the ‘Model Code of Conduct’ enforced by the Election Commission of India during elections?
[2]
OR
Why is the Indian judiciary called an ‘Integrated and Unified’ judiciary?
Q24.
State two reasons why female domestic work is not recognized as an economic activity in national income calculations.
[2]
SECTION C β SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (15 Marks)
Q25.
Explain the condition of workers and peasants in Russia on the eve of the 1905 Revolution.
[3]
Q26.
Explain any three ecological and economic values of lakes in India.
[3]
OR
Explain three distinct characteristics of the retreating southwest monsoon season in India.
Q27.
Explain three major challenges faced by election authorities in conducting free and fair elections in India.
[3]
Q28.
What is the difference between economic activities and non-economic activities? Explain with examples.
[3]
Q29.
Explain how cooperative societies have played a revolutionary role in ensuring food security in southern and western India.
[3]
SECTION D β LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (20 Marks)
Q30.
Describe the main events of the Russian Revolution of October 1917 and evaluate how Lenin established control over Russia.
[5]
OR
Explain how the Treaty of Versailles sowed the seeds of the Second World War and humiliated Germany.
Q31.
Describe the formation, regional divisions, and relief features of the Northern Plains of India (Bhabar, Terai, Bhangar, Khadar).
[5]
OR
Explain the phenomenon of ‘El NiΓ±o’ and analyze how it affects the Indian monsoon mechanism.
Q32.
Explain the fundamental rights guaranteed under the Indian Constitution and discuss the significance of the Right to Constitutional Remedies.
[5]
OR
Describe the appointment, powers, and relationship between the Prime Minister and the President of India in running the central government.
Q33.
Analyze the primary causes of poverty in India and evaluate the key antipoverty programmes implemented by the government.
[5]
OR
Explain the components and functioning of the Public Distribution System (PDS) and analyze the major drawbacks of its operation.
SECTION E β CASE-BASED INTEGRATED UNITS (12 Marks)
Q34. Read the source carefully and answer the questions that follow:
[4](a) How did the Nazi state use school textbooks to indoctrinate children? [1]
(b) What was the ultimate fate of people categorized as ‘racially undesirable’ under the Nazi regime? [1]
(c) Explain two mechanisms through which the Nazi state maintained total social and political surveillance over its citizens. [2]
The Nazi state established complete control over its people. Media, films, radio, and school curricula were used to systematically disseminate racial hatred against Jews and political dissidents. Stereotypes about Jews were popularized in children’s books and classroom lessons. Children were taught to be loyal, submissive, hate Jews, and worship Hitler. The state created special surveillance networks and secret police organizations to track citizens. Millions of people deemed ‘racially undesirable’ were deported to ghettos and systematically murdered in gas chambers across occupied Poland.
(b) What was the ultimate fate of people categorized as ‘racially undesirable’ under the Nazi regime? [1]
(c) Explain two mechanisms through which the Nazi state maintained total social and political surveillance over its citizens. [2]
OR
Explain the term ‘Holocaust’ and discuss how Jews were segregated and persecuted under the Nuremberg Laws. [2]
Q35. Read the source carefully and answer the questions that follow:
[4](a) What is the main difference between ‘weather’ and ‘climate’? [1]
(b) Which type of climate characterizes the Indian subcontinent? [1]
(c) Give two examples showing regional variations in temperature across India. [2]
Climate refers to the sum total of weather conditions and variations over a large area for a long period of time (more than thirty years). Weather refers to the state of the atmosphere over an area at any point in time. The elements of weather and climate are temperature, atmospheric pressure, wind, humidity, and precipitation. India’s climate is described as the ‘monsoon’ type. This type of climate is found mainly in south and southeast Asia. Despite an overall unity in the general pattern, there are perceptible regional variations in climatic conditions within the country.
(b) Which type of climate characterizes the Indian subcontinent? [1]
(c) Give two examples showing regional variations in temperature across India. [2]
OR
Give two examples showing regional variations in precipitation patterns across India. [2]
Q36. Read the source carefully and answer the questions that follow:
[4](a) How many parliamentary constituencies are there for Lok Sabha elections in India? [1]
(b) What is the representative elected to a State Legislative Assembly called? [1]
(c) Explain why the principle of ‘one person, one vote, one value’ is essential in demarcating electoral constituencies. [2]
In India, we have a system of representative democracy where regular elections are held. For elections, the entire country is divided into different areas called electoral constituencies. Voters who live in an area elect one representative. For Lok Sabha elections, the country is divided into 543 constituencies. The representative elected from each constituency is called a Member of Parliament (MP). Similarly, each state is divided into a specific number of Assembly constituencies, and the elected representative is called a Member of Legislative Assembly (MLA).
(b) What is the representative elected to a State Legislative Assembly called? [1]
(c) Explain why the principle of ‘one person, one vote, one value’ is essential in demarcating electoral constituencies. [2]
OR
Explain the concept of ‘Voters’ List’ (Electoral Roll) and state why it is revised periodically before elections. [2]
SECTION F β MAP SKILL-BASED QUESTION (5 Marks)
Q37.(a) History Map Item β 2 Marks
Two features A and B related to the French Revolution and World War II are marked on the outline map of the world / Europe. Identify them:
A. The region / country from which Louis XVI’s queen, Marie Antoinette, hailed (Austria).
B. An Axis Power nation in the Second World War located in Asia (Japan). [2]
(b) Geography Map Item β 3 Marks
Locate and label ANY THREE of the following with appropriate symbols on the outline map of India:
(i) Pulicat Lake β Saltwater lagoon on the border of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu
(ii) Vindhya Range β Mountain range in central India
(iii) Tapi River β West flowing peninsular river in Gujarat/Maharashtra
(iv) Konkan Coast β Western coastal strip (Maharashtra / Goa coast) [3]
Two features A and B related to the French Revolution and World War II are marked on the outline map of the world / Europe. Identify them:
A. The region / country from which Louis XVI’s queen, Marie Antoinette, hailed (Austria).
B. An Axis Power nation in the Second World War located in Asia (Japan). [2]
(b) Geography Map Item β 3 Marks
Locate and label ANY THREE of the following with appropriate symbols on the outline map of India:
(i) Pulicat Lake β Saltwater lagoon on the border of Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu
(ii) Vindhya Range β Mountain range in central India
(iii) Tapi River β West flowing peninsular river in Gujarat/Maharashtra
(iv) Konkan Coast β Western coastal strip (Maharashtra / Goa coast) [3]
CBSE CLASS IX SOCIAL SCIENCE (087) β SOLUTIONS & MARKING SCHEME β SET 4
SECTION A β ANSWERS
Q1. (a) Roget de L’Isle [1]
Q2. (b) Kolkhoz [1]
Q3. (b) Maldives [1]
Q4. (a) Mexico [1]
Q5. (b) Manufacturing sugar from sugarcane [1]
Q6. (b) Konkan Coast [1]
Q7. (b) Liberty and freedom from slavery [1]
Q8. (b) Godavari [1]
Q9. (b) Mahatma Gandhi [1]
Q10. (c) Educated unemployment [1]
Q11. (b) Hjalmar Schacht [1]
Q12. (b) Indus [1]
Q13. (b) Speaker of the Lok Sabha [1]
Q14. (b) Scheduled Tribes (ST) [1]
Q15. (b) Coriolis force [1]
Q16. (c) 6 years [1]
Q17. (a) 4 – 1 – 2 – 3 [1]
Tennis Court Oath (June 1789) β Declaration of Rights of Man (Aug 1789) β Execution of Louis XVI (Jan 1793) β Napoleon crowns himself (1804).
Tennis Court Oath (June 1789) β Declaration of Rights of Man (Aug 1789) β Execution of Louis XVI (Jan 1793) β Napoleon crowns himself (1804).
Q18. (a) Annapurna Scheme (APS) [1]
Q19. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. [1]
Q20. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. [1]
SECTION B β ANSWERS
Q21.
- Liberals: Wanted a nation tolerating all religions and a representative parliamentary government, but did not support universal adult franchise (favoured voting rights only for property-owning men).
- Radicals: Supported a government based on the majority of a country’s population and strongly advocated women’s voting rights (suffragette movement).
Q22.
- They are the outermost range of the Himalayas with an altitude varying between 900 and 1,100 metres and width of 10 to 50 km.
- Composed of unconsolidated sediments brought down by rivers from main ranges, prone to landslides and covered with thick gravel and alluvium.
Q23.
The Model Code of Conduct is a set of norms and guidelines agreed upon by all political parties to regulate election campaigning, prohibiting hate speech, use of official government machinery, and bribing voters. [2]
OR
An integrated judiciary means the Supreme Court sits at the top of the judicial pyramid and its decisions are binding on all lower courts (High Courts and Subordinate Courts) across all states. [2]
Q24.
- Women performing domestic household chores do not produce goods or services directly for the market.
- These activities do not involve direct monetary remuneration or monetary exchange, so they are excluded from the calculation of National Income.
SECTION C β ANSWERS
Q25.
- Industrial Workers: Faced long working hours (10β15 hours), miserably low wages, poor living conditions in dormitories, and high unemployment during economic slumps.
- Peasants: Cultivated land owned mostly by the nobility, crown, and Orthodox Church; bore heavy land rents and taxes.
- Radical Peasants: Unlike European peasants, Russian peasants frequently pooled land in their commune (Mir) and periodically demanded the seizure and redistribution of noble estates.
Q26.
- Help regulate the flow of rivers by preventing floods during heavy rains and maintaining water flow during dry seasons.
- Support fishery development, aquatic biodiversity, and local tourism recreation.
- Help moderate the surrounding local climate and maintain groundwater recharge in adjacent areas.
- Occurs during October and November when the southwest monsoon weakens and withdraws from northern India due to cooling of the landmass.
- Marked by clear skies, pleasant days, cool nights, and high humidity, leading to oppressive daytime conditions known as ‘October Heat’.
- Tropical cyclones originating over the Bay of Bengal strike the eastern coast (Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Odisha), causing widespread rainfall and occasional devastation.
Q27.
- Money Power: Wealthy candidates and big political parties enjoy an unfair advantage over independent candidates and smaller parties.
- Criminal Connections: Candidates with criminal backgrounds use muscle power to secure party tickets and intimidate opponents.
- Dynastic Politics: Top party positions and election nominations are monopolized by prominent political families, denying fair opportunity to ordinary party workers.
Q28.
- Economic Activities: Activities performed with the objective of earning income or profit (e.g., a doctor treating patients in a clinic, a farmer selling crops in the market).
- Non-Economic Activities: Activities performed out of love, care, duty, or self-satisfaction without monetary compensation (e.g., a mother cooking for her family, volunteering for social charity).
- Economic activities contribute directly to Gross National Product (GNP), whereas non-economic activities do not add to monetary national output.
Q29.
- Fair Price Shops: In Tamil Nadu, nearly 94% of all fair price shops are run by cooperatives, ensuring efficient delivery and reducing leakages.
- Dairy Cooperatives (Amul): Amul in Gujarat spearheaded the White Revolution, organizing rural milk producers to supply hygienic milk at fair prices nationwide.
- Mother Dairy (Delhi): Supplies milk, milk products, and vegetables at government-controlled reasonable prices across Delhi-NCR.
SECTION D β ANSWERS
Q30.
The October Revolution of 1917 and Bolshevik Control:
- Conflict with Provisional Government: The Bolsheviks feared the Provisional Government under Kerensky would establish a military dictatorship.
- Military Revolutionary Committee: On 16 October 1917, Lenin persuaded the Petrograd Soviet to form a Military Revolutionary Committee under Leon Trotsky to organize an armed insurrection.
- Seizure of Power: On 24 October 1917, Bolshevik loyalists seized government buildings, took control of telephone/telegraph stations, and arrested ministers from the Winter Palace.
- Nationalization Policies: Banks and heavy industries were nationalized; land was declared social property and peasants were permitted to seize noble estates.
- Consolidation: The Bolshevik Party was renamed the Russian Communist Party (Bolshevik); Lenin banned rival political factions and established a one-party state backed by the Cheka (secret police).
- Loss of Territory: Germany lost all overseas colonies, 13% of its European territory, 75% of its iron reserves, and 26% of its coal to France, Poland, Denmark, and Lithuania.
- Demilitarization: The Allied powers demilitarized Germany, capping its army at 100,000 soldiers, banning its air force, and occupying the resource-rich Rhineland.
- War Guilt Clause (Article 231): Forced Germany to accept sole moral and legal responsibility for causing the war and all damages.
- Crushing War Indemnity: Imposed a massive indemnity of Β£6.6 billion, which shattered the German economy and caused hyperinflation.
- Seeds of Revenge: The humiliation and economic suffering alienated the German population, creating fertile ground for Hitler’s aggressive nationalism.
Q31.
Relief Features of the Northern Plains:
- Bhabar: A narrow belt of 8 to 16 km lying parallel to the slopes of the Shiwaliks composed of pebbles and gravel, where all streams disappear underground into porous sediment.
- Terai: South of Bhabar, where streams re-emerge, creating a wet, swampy, and marshy tract rich in dense wildlife and forests.
- Bhangar: The largest part of the plains formed of older alluvium, lying above the floodplains of rivers; characterized by calcareous soil deposits called ‘Kankar’.
- Khadar: Newer, younger alluvial deposits of floodplains renewed annually during floods; highly fertile and ideal for intensive agriculture.
- Agricultural Significance: Flat terrain, perennial rivers, deep fertile alluvium, and favorable climate make the Northern Plains the primary granary of India.
- Meaning: El NiΓ±o is a warm ocean current that flows past the Peruvian coast of South America, temporarily replacing the cold Peruvian current every 2 to 5 years.
- Southern Oscillation (ENSO): Periodic change in atmospheric pressure over the tropical Pacific and Indian Oceans linked with El NiΓ±o.
- Pressure Reversal: Normally, high pressure exists over the eastern South Pacific and low pressure over the tropical eastern Indian Ocean; during El NiΓ±o, this pressure condition is reversed.
- Weakening of Monsoon: Warmer Pacific waters alter atmospheric circulation, weakening the trade winds and delaying the onset of the southwest monsoon over India.
- Impact: Results in deficient rainfall, severe droughts, and agricultural distress across various parts of the subcontinent.
Q32.
Fundamental Rights and Right to Constitutional Remedies:
- Six Core Rights: Right to Equality, Right to Freedom, Right against Exploitation, Right to Freedom of Religion, Cultural and Educational Rights, and Right to Constitutional Remedies.
- Right to Equality (Articles 14β18): Guarantees equality before the law, prohibits discrimination, and abolishes untouchability and titles.
- Right to Freedom (Articles 19β22): Protects freedom of speech, assembly, association, movement, residence, and profession.
- Guardian Right (Article 32): Dr. B.R. Ambedkar called the Right to Constitutional Remedies the ‘Heart and Soul of the Constitution’.
- Judicial Writs: Citizens can approach the Supreme Court or High Courts directly, which issue writs (Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Quo-Warranto, Certiorari) to enforce fundamental rights.
- Constitutional Status: The President is the nominal executive (Head of State), while the Prime Minister is the real executive (Head of Government).
- Appointment: The President appoints the leader commanding the majority in the Lok Sabha as Prime Minister.
- Formation of Ministry: Other ministers are appointed by the President solely on the advice of the Prime Minister.
- Cabinet Supremacy: The Prime Minister allocates portfolios, presides over Cabinet meetings, and coordinates inter-ministerial policies.
- Aid and Advice: The President exercises all constitutional executive powers on the binding aid and advice of the Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister.
Q33.
Causes of Poverty and Antipoverty Measures:
- Colonial Exploitation: British policies ruined indigenous handicraft industries and drained agricultural surplus.
- Population Pressure: High population growth coupled with low capital formation reduced per capita income.
- Income Inequality: Skewed distribution of agricultural land and assets perpetuated rural deprivation.
- MGNREGA (2005): Guarantees 100 days of manual wage employment per year to rural households, reserving 33% jobs for women.
- Targeted Support: PMRY, PMGSY, and NRLM provide subsidized self-employment loans, rural connectivity, and micro-credit via Self-Help Groups.
- Working Structure: FCI procures wheat and rice from farmers at MSP, storing buffer stocks and distributing foodgrains through 5.5 lakh Fair Price Shops.
- Subsidized Categories: Provides grains to Antyodaya (poorest), BPL, and APL families at fixed subsidized Issue Prices.
- Drawback – Quality & Leakages: Shop owners divert high-grade grains to the open market, leaving inferior, adulterated grains for cardholders.
- Irregular Opening: Fair price shops often open irregularly and refuse rations citing fake stock shortages.
- Storage Inefficiencies: Inadequate covered warehousing causes thousands of tonnes of grain to rot or get damaged by pests in open FCI depots.
SECTION E β ANSWERS
Q34.
- (a) Textbooks were rewritten to introduce racial science, teaching children to worship Hitler and hate Jews. [1]
- (b) They were segregated into ghettos and systematically murdered in gas chambers across concentration and extermination camps. [1]
- (c) Through the secret state police (Gestapo), the SS protection squads, and neighborhood block-wardens monitoring citizens’ private activities. [2]
Q35.
- (a) Weather refers to the atmospheric condition over an area at a specific moment in time, while climate is the average weather pattern recorded over a long period (over 30 years). [1]
- (b) Monsoon climate. [1]
- (c) In summer, temperatures in parts of the Rajasthan desert can reach $50^\circ\text{C}$, while in Pahalgam (J&K) it may be around $20^\circ\text{C}$. In winter, night temperature at Dras (Ladakh) drops to $-45^\circ\text{C}$, while Thiruvananthapuram records $22^\circ\text{C}$. [2]
Q36.
- (a) 543 constituencies. [1]
- (b) Member of Legislative Assembly (MLA). [1]
- (c) To ensure that every citizen’s vote has equal democratic weight and that each constituency has a roughly equal population proportion. [2]
SECTION F β MAP WORK SOLUTIONS
Q37(a).
- A β Austria (Vienna)
- B β Japan (Axis Power in Asia)
Q37(b).
- (i) Pulicat Lake β Coastal border of Andhra Pradesh & Tamil Nadu
- (ii) Vindhya Range β Central India (Madhya Pradesh)
- (iii) Tapi River β Originates in Satpura range, flowing into the Arabian Sea
- (iv) Konkan Coast β Coastal strip of Maharashtra and Goa