ADEPT YOURSELF
www.adeptyourself.com β’ Academic Excellence Series
CBSE CLASS IX β SOCIAL SCIENCE (CODE NO. 087)
SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER β SET 2 | ACADEMIC SESSION 2026β2027
General Instructions:
- The question paper comprises Six Sections: A, B, C, D, E and F.
- There are 37 questions in total.
- All questions are compulsory.
- Section A contains Questions 1β20. Each question carries 1 mark.
- Section B contains Questions 21β24. Each question carries 2 marks.
- Section C contains Questions 25β29. Each question carries 3 marks.
- Section D contains Questions 30β33. Each question carries 5 marks.
- Section E contains Questions 34β36. Each case-based question carries 4 marks.
- Section F contains Question 37, carrying 5 marks, based on map skills (History 2 marks, Geography 3 marks).
- Internal choices are provided in selected questions.
SECTION A β MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (20 Marks)
Q1.
The tax called ‘Tithe’ collected in eighteenth-century France was paid to which of the following institutions?
[1]
Q2.
In the context of the Russian Revolution, what were the well-to-do prosperous peasants called?
[1]
Q3.
Which water body separates India from Sri Lanka?
[1]
Q4.
Who led the military coup in Pakistan in October 1999 and issued the ‘Legal Framework Order’ in 2002?
[1]
Q5.
Which of the following is considered fixed capital in farming activities?
[1]
Q6.
Which is the highest peak in the Peninsular Plateau region of India?
[1]
Q7.
Who wrote the famous philosophical book ‘The Spirit of the Laws’ proposing a division of power within government?
[1]
Q8.
Which river is the largest peninsular river system in India, also known as the ‘Dakshin Ganga’?
[1]
Q9.
How many years did Nelson Mandela spend imprisoned on Robben Island during the anti-apartheid struggle?
[1]
Q10.
Which sector of economic activity includes forestry, poultry farming, and animal husbandry?
[1]
Q11.
Which famous act passed in March 1933 established absolute dictatorship in Germany, giving Hitler power to sideline Parliament?
[1]
Q12.
What is the wet, swampy, and marshy tract south of the Bhabar belt in the Northern Plains called?
[1]
Q13.
Who was the President of the Constituent Assembly that framed the Indian Constitution?
[1]
Q14.
What is the minimum recommended calorie requirement per person per day in rural areas of India for the poverty line?
[1]
Q15.
The pre-monsoon showers that help in the early ripening of mangoes along the coasts of Kerala and Karnataka are known as:
[1]
Q16.
In which house of the Indian Parliament can a Money Bill be exclusively introduced?
[1]
Q17.
Arrange the following events of Russian history in correct chronological sequence:
- Bloody Sunday massacre
- Abdication of Tsar Nicholas II
- Bolshevik uprising in Petrograd
- Beginning of Stalin’s Collectivisation
Q18.
What is the price announced by the government before the sowing season to assure farmers of a guaranteed purchase value called?
[1]
Q19.
Assertion (A): The time lag between the easternmost part of Arunachal Pradesh and the westernmost part of Gujarat is about two hours.
Reason (R): India has a longitudinal span of nearly 30 degrees, and the sun takes 4 minutes to cross one degree of longitude. [1]
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Reason (R): India has a longitudinal span of nearly 30 degrees, and the sun takes 4 minutes to cross one degree of longitude. [1]
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Q20.
Assertion (A): A country that invests heavily in the education and health of its citizens experiences faster economic growth.
Reason (R): Human capital formation enhances labor productivity, innovation, and total factor efficiency. [1]
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Reason (R): Human capital formation enhances labor productivity, innovation, and total factor efficiency. [1]
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
SECTION B β VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (8 Marks)
Q21.
What was the ‘Reign of Terror’ in France? Mention who led this period.
[2]
Q22.
Differentiate between Khadar and Bhangar soils on two criteria.
[2]
Q23.
State any two basic differences between a democratic country and a non-democratic country.
[2]
OR
Why is the Preamble described as the ‘Soul of the Indian Constitution’?
Q24.
What is the difference between seasonal unemployment and disguised unemployment?
[2]
SECTION C β SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS (15 Marks)
Q25.
Explain any three major demands included in Lenin’s ‘April Theses’ of 1917.
[3]
Q26.
Explain any three differences between the Himalayan rivers and the Peninsular rivers of India.
[3]
OR
Describe three major characteristics of the cold weather season (Winter) in India.
Q27.
Explain three key arguments that justify why political competition among parties is beneficial for citizens in a democracy.
[3]
Q28.
How does health and education play a vital role in human capital formation? Explain with examples.
[3]
Q29.
Explain any three major dimensions of food security according to the United Nations and Indian food policy.
[3]
SECTION D β LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (20 Marks)
Q30.
Describe the role of women in the French Revolution and explain the laws introduced by the revolutionary government to improve their status.
[5]
OR
Explain how the economic depression of 1929 created the conditions for the rise of Nazism in Germany.
Q31.
Describe the Peninsular Plateau of India under two broad divisions: Central Highlands and Deccan Plateau.
[5]
OR
Explain the factors affecting the climate of India with special reference to latitude, altitude, and jet streams.
Q32.
Explain the powers, privileges, and constitutional significance of the Lok Sabha in comparison to the Rajya Sabha.
[5]
OR
Discuss the role and independence of the Judiciary in India and explain how it acts as the guardian of Fundamental Rights.
Q33.
What are the major poverty alleviation programmes launched by the Government of India? Discuss their objectives and challenges.
[5]
OR
Explain the functioning of the Public Distribution System (PDS) in India and evaluate the major problems faced by it.
SECTION E β CASE-BASED INTEGRATED UNITS (12 Marks)
Q34. Read the source carefully and answer the questions that follow:
[4](a) How did the First World War affect the status of soldiers in European society? [1]
(b) What was the reality of trench life as opposed to its media portrayal? [1]
(c) Explain two factors that weakened democratic institutions in interwar Europe. [2]
The First World War left a deep imprint on European society and polity. Soldiers came to be placed above civilians. Politicians and publicists laid great stress on the need for men to be aggressive, strong, and masculine. The media glorified trench life, though the reality was that soldiers lived miserable lives trapped with rats feeding on corpses. Aggressive war propaganda and national honor occupied center stage in the public sphere, while popular support grew for conservative dictatorships that had recently emerged. Democracy was indeed a fragile idea that could not survive the instabilities of interwar Europe.
(b) What was the reality of trench life as opposed to its media portrayal? [1]
(c) Explain two factors that weakened democratic institutions in interwar Europe. [2]
OR
Why did conservative dictatorships gain rapid popular support in Europe after World War I? [2]
Q35. Read the source carefully and answer the questions that follow:
[4](a) What type of mountains are the Himalayas geologically? [1]
(b) What is the total longitudinal length covered by the Himalayan mountain arc? [1]
(c) Name the three parallel longitudinal ranges of the Himalayas and mention one feature of the northernmost range. [2]
The Himalayas, geologically young and structurally fold mountains, stretch over the northern borders of India. These mountain ranges run in a west-east direction from the Indus to the Brahmaputra. The Himalayas represent the loftiest and one of the most rugged mountain barriers of the world. They form an arc, which covers a distance of about 2,400 km. Their width varies from 400 km in Kashmir to 150 km in Arunachal Pradesh. The altitudinal variations are greater in the eastern half than those in the western half.
(b) What is the total longitudinal length covered by the Himalayan mountain arc? [1]
(c) Name the three parallel longitudinal ranges of the Himalayas and mention one feature of the northernmost range. [2]
OR
Explain two ways in which the Himalayas act as a climatic divide for the Indian subcontinent. [2]
Q36. Read the source carefully and answer the questions that follow:
[4](a) Who appoints the judges of the Supreme Court of India? [1]
(b) What procedure is required to remove a judge of the Supreme Court? [1]
(c) Explain two reasons why independence of the judiciary is necessary in a democracy. [2]
An independent and powerful judiciary is essential for any democracy. In India, the judiciary is not under the control of the legislature or the executive. The judges of the Supreme Court and High Courts are appointed by the President on the advice of the Prime Minister and in consultation with the Chief Justice. Once a person is appointed as judge, it is nearly impossible to remove him or her. A judge can be removed only by an impeachment motion passed separately by a two-thirds majority of members present and voting in both Houses of Parliament.
(b) What procedure is required to remove a judge of the Supreme Court? [1]
(c) Explain two reasons why independence of the judiciary is necessary in a democracy. [2]
OR
Explain the meaning of ‘Judicial Review’ as exercised by the Supreme Court of India. [2]
SECTION F β MAP SKILL-BASED QUESTION (5 Marks)
Q37.(a) History Map Item β 2 Marks
Two features A and B related to the French Revolution and World War II are marked on the outline map of the world / Europe. Identify them:
A. The epicentre of the French Revolution (Capital city of France).
B. An Axis Power nation during the Second World War. [2]
(b) Geography Map Item β 3 Marks
Locate and label ANY THREE of the following with appropriate symbols on the outline map of India:
(i) Anamudi β Highest peak of Peninsular India
(ii) Wular Lake β Freshwater lake in Jammu & Kashmir
(iii) Narmada River β West flowing peninsular river
(iv) Standard Meridian of India ($82^\circ 30’\text{ E}$) [3]
Two features A and B related to the French Revolution and World War II are marked on the outline map of the world / Europe. Identify them:
A. The epicentre of the French Revolution (Capital city of France).
B. An Axis Power nation during the Second World War. [2]
(b) Geography Map Item β 3 Marks
Locate and label ANY THREE of the following with appropriate symbols on the outline map of India:
(i) Anamudi β Highest peak of Peninsular India
(ii) Wular Lake β Freshwater lake in Jammu & Kashmir
(iii) Narmada River β West flowing peninsular river
(iv) Standard Meridian of India ($82^\circ 30’\text{ E}$) [3]
CBSE CLASS IX SOCIAL SCIENCE (087) β SOLUTIONS & MARKING SCHEME β SET 2
SECTION A β ANSWERS
Q1. (b) The Church [1]
Q2. (b) Kulaks [1]
Q3. (a) Palk Strait and Gulf of Mannar [1]
Q4. (b) Pervez Musharraf [1]
Q5. (b) Tractors and tubewells [1]
Q6. (b) Anamudi [1]
Q7. (b) Montesquieu [1]
Q8. (b) Godavari [1]
Q9. (c) 28 years [1]
Q10. (b) Primary Sector [1]
Q11. (b) Enabling Act [1]
Q12. (c) Terai [1]
Q13. (b) Dr. Rajendra Prasad [1]
Q14. (b) 2400 calories [1]
Q15. (b) Mango Showers [1]
Q16. (b) Lok Sabha [1]
Q17. (a) 1 – 2 – 3 – 4 [1]
Bloody Sunday (1905) β Abdication of Tsar Nicholas II (March 1917) β Bolshevik Uprising (November 1917) β Stalin’s Collectivisation (1929).
Bloody Sunday (1905) β Abdication of Tsar Nicholas II (March 1917) β Bolshevik Uprising (November 1917) β Stalin’s Collectivisation (1929).
Q18. (b) Minimum Support Price (MSP) [1]
Q19. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. [1]
Q20. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A. [1]
SECTION B β ANSWERS
Q21.
The period from 1793 to 1794 in France is called the Reign of Terror. It was led by Maximilien Robespierre, who followed a policy of severe control, arrests, and execution of political opponents via the guillotine. [2]
Q22.
- Khadar: Newer, younger alluvial deposits of floodplains; highly fertile and renewed every year.
- Bhangar: Older alluvium lying above floodplains; less fertile and contains calcareous deposits called ‘Kankar’.
Q23.
- In a democracy, rulers are elected by the people and accountable to them, whereas in a non-democratic country, rulers hold hereditary or military unchecked power.
- Democracies guarantee fundamental rights and freedom of expression, which are denied or severely restricted in non-democratic regimes.
Q24.
- Seasonal Unemployment: Occurs when people are unable to find jobs during specific months of the year (e.g., agricultural workers after harvesting).
- Disguised Unemployment: Occurs when more workers are engaged in an activity than required; removing surplus workers does not reduce total output.
SECTION C β ANSWERS
Q25.
Lenin’s ‘April Theses’ put forward three main demands:
- The First World War must be brought to an immediate close.
- Land must be transferred to the tillers/peasants.
- Banks must be nationalized.
Q26.
- Origin & Nature: Himalayan rivers originate from snow-clad glaciers and are perennial; Peninsular rivers originate from plateaus and are seasonal/rain-fed.
- Course: Himalayan rivers have long courses with deep gorges and perform intense erosional activity; Peninsular rivers have shorter, shallower courses.
- Drainage: Himalayan rivers form large meanders and fertile deltas; many Peninsular rivers flow through rift valleys forming estuaries (Narmada, Tapi) or deltas.
- Begins in mid-November in northern India and stays till February; December and January are the coldest months.
- Characterized by clear skies, low temperatures, low humidity, and feeble, variable winds.
- Light winter rainfall known as ‘Mahawat’ occurs due to Western Cyclonic Disturbances, which is crucial for rabi crops.
Q27.
- Political parties compete for public support, incentivizing them to formulate policies that address citizens’ real problems.
- Provides genuine alternative choices and candidates to voters during elections.
- Regular electoral competition ensures leaders perform well, knowing non-performance will result in loss of power in the next election.
Q28.
- Education: Enhances cognitive skills, literacy, and vocational capabilities, opening doors to higher-paying modern sector jobs.
- Health: Good health enables an individual to realize their full potential and resist illness, increasing productive working years.
- Multiplier Effect: Educated and healthy individuals contribute higher productivity to national income and invest more in their families.
Q29.
Food security has three essential dimensions:
- Availability: Adequate food production within the country plus food imports and previous years’ buffer stocks.
- Accessibility: Food is within reach of every person without physical or social barriers.
- Affordability: An individual has sufficient financial resources to buy adequate, safe, and nutritious food to meet dietary needs.
SECTION D β ANSWERS
Q30.
Women in the French Revolution:
- Active Role: Women participated actively from the beginning, leading demonstrations, forming political clubs (e.g., Society of Revolutionary and Republican Women), and publishing newspapers.
- Schooling Laws: Schooling was made compulsory for all girls; fathers could no longer force them into marriage against their will.
- Civil Laws: Marriage was made into a legal contract entered into freely and registered under civil law.
- Divorce: Divorce was legalized and could be applied for by both women and men.
- Vocational Training: Women could now train for jobs, become artists, or run small businesses (though political voting rights were granted only in 1946).
- Collapse of German Economy: US recall of short-term loans under the Dawes Plan triggered banking collapses and industrial closures across Germany.
- Mass Unemployment: By 1932, industrial output fell by 40%, and the number of unemployed reached 6 million, leaving youth desperate.
- Middle Class Anxiety: Currency hyperinflation and economic ruin created fears of proletarianization among small shopkeepers and salaried workers.
- Failure of Weimar Republic: The Weimar coalition governments were weak, unstable, and failed to manage the crisis, losing public faith.
- Hitler’s Oratory and Promises: Hitler capitalized on despair, promising to rebuild a strong nation, restore German honor, and provide employment.
Q31.
The Peninsular Plateau of India:
- Central Highlands: Lies north of the Narmada River covering major parts of the Malwa plateau; bounded by the Vindhyan range in the south and Aravallis in the northwest. Drained by Chambal, Sind, Betwa, and Ken rivers flowing southwest to northeast.
- Deccan Plateau: Triangular landmass lying south of the Narmada River; flanked by the Satpura range in the north and Mahadev/Maikal hills in the east.
- Western and Eastern Ghats: The Western Ghats are continuous, higher (900β1600 m), and cause orographic rainfall; the Eastern Ghats are discontinuous and lower (600 m).
- Black Soil Region (Deccan Trap): Characterized by volcanic basalt rock formations producing fertile black soil ideal for cotton.
- Mineral Wealth: Rich in valuable mineral reserves including iron ore, manganese, bauxite, and mica in the Chota Nagpur plateau.
- Latitude: The Tropic of Cancer passes through central India, dividing the country into a tropical south with high temperatures and a sub-tropical north.
- Altitude: The Himalayan range has an average altitude of 6,000 meters, blocking freezing Siberian winds and trapping moisture.
- Pressure and Surface Winds: Governed by North-East Trades in winter and South-West Monsoon winds in summer due to pressure differentials.
- Jet Streams: Sub-tropical westerly jet streams influence northern weather in winter, while tropical easterly jet streams aid the summer monsoon.
- Distance from Sea (Continentality): Coastal areas enjoy moderate equable climates, while interior northern plains experience extreme temperature ranges.
Q32.
Powers and Superiority of the Lok Sabha:
- Direct Representation: Lok Sabha members are directly elected by the citizens, making it the supreme democratic chamber representing the popular will.
- Ordinary Bills & Joint Sessions: In case of disagreement on ordinary bills, a joint session is held where the Lok Sabha’s larger strength usually prevails.
- Financial Dominance (Money Bills): Money Bills can only originate in the Lok Sabha; the Rajya Sabha can only delay a Money Bill for up to 14 days.
- Control over Executive: The Prime Minister and Council of Ministers must command the majority confidence of the Lok Sabha to stay in power.
- No-Confidence Motion: If the Lok Sabha passes a ‘No-Confidence’ motion, the Prime Minister and the entire Council of Ministers must resign.
- Single Integrated System: The Supreme Court heads the judicial hierarchy, followed by High Courts in states and Subordinate Courts in districts.
- Appointment and Security of Tenure: Judges are appointed by the President in consultation with the Chief Justice; removal requires an arduous two-thirds impeachment.
- Guardian of the Constitution: Has the power of Judicial Review to strike down any central or state law violating the Constitution.
- Enforcer of Fundamental Rights: Citizens can approach the Supreme Court (under Article 32) or High Courts directly if rights are infringed.
- Public Interest Litigation (PIL): Any citizen can approach courts on behalf of marginalized groups to protect public interest.
Q33.
Poverty Alleviation Programmes in India:
- MGNREGA (2005): Guarantees 100 days of manual wage employment per year to rural households, reserving one-third of jobs for women.
- Prime Minister Rozgar Yojana (PMRY): Provides institutional credit and training to educated unemployed youth to set up micro-enterprises.
- Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY): Connects all rural habitations with all-weather roads to spur market integration.
- National Rural Livelihood Mission (AAY/NRLM): Organizes rural poor into Self-Help Groups (SHGs) to facilitate micro-credit.
- Major Challenges: Inefficient implementation, overlapping of schemes, leakages by intermediaries, and inadequate monitoring.
- Mechanism: FCI procures grains from farmers at MSP and distributes them via Fair Price Shops (Ration Shops) to ration-card holders at issue prices.
- Targeted Categories: Schemes like Antyodaya Anna Yojana (AAY) and BPL provide heavily subsidized food to the poorest families.
- Buffer Stock Stability: Helps stabilize food prices during deficit years and natural disasters across regions.
- Challenges – Malpractices: Diversion of quality foodgrains by shop owners to the open market, leaving poor-quality grain in shops.
- Storage Losses: Massive procurement without adequate silo storage leads to rotting grain and pest damage.
SECTION E β ANSWERS
Q34.
- (a) Soldiers were elevated in social status and placed above civilians, with public stress laid on aggressive masculinity. [1]
- (b) Soldiers lived miserable lives trapped in trenches alongside rotting corpses and feeding rats, facing poison gas and enemy shelling. [1]
- (c) Fragile democratic coalitions could not withstand postwar economic crises, hyperinflation, and the rise of aggressive nationalist propaganda. [2]
Q35.
- (a) Geologically young and structurally fold mountains. [1]
- (b) About 2,400 km. [1]
- (c) The Great or Inner Himalayas (Himadri), Lesser Himalayas (Himachal), and Outer Himalayas (Shiwaliks). The Himadri is the most continuous range, with an average height of 6,000 meters and perennially snow-bound peaks. [2]
Q36.
- (a) The President of India (in consultation with the Chief Justice and Senior Collegium). [1]
- (b) An impeachment motion passed separately by a two-thirds majority of members present and voting in both Houses of Parliament. [1]
- (c) To ensure impartial justice without political interference and to protect citizens’ fundamental rights from arbitrary state action. [2]
SECTION F β MAP WORK SOLUTIONS
Q37(a).
- A β Paris (Capital of France)
- B β Germany / Italy / Japan (Axis Powers)
Q37(b).
- (i) Anamudi β Anaimalai Hills, Kerala (Highest peak of Western Ghats/Peninsula)
- (ii) Wular Lake β Jammu & Kashmir
- (iii) Narmada River β Originates in Amarkantak, flowing west to Arabian Sea
- (iv) Standard Meridian of India ($82^\circ 30’\text{ E}$) β Passes through Mirzapur, UP