Case Study 1: Crop Variety Improvement
To feed the growing population, scientists developed high-yielding varieties of wheat that were disease-resistant and required less water. Farmers adopted these seeds to increase production and reduce crop loss.
Questions:
- Aim of crop variety improvement = ?
(a) high yield (b) resistance to pests (c) tolerance to stress (d) all
Answer: (d) - High-yielding wheat varieties were developed during:
(a) white revolution (b) green revolution (c) blue revolution (d) none
Answer: (b) - Varieties resistant to drought show:
(a) pest resistance (b) stress resistance (c) hybrid vigor (d) none
Answer: (b) - Hybridization improves:
(a) one character (b) multiple characters (c) none (d) reduces yield
Answer: (b) - Aim of varietal improvement = ?
(a) more food (b) less input (c) quality produce (d) all
Answer: (d)
Case Study 2: Crop Production Practices
Farmers in a village compared traditional and modern farming methods. Traditional methods involved bullocks and manual labour, while modern methods used tractors, irrigation, fertilizers, and improved seeds.
Questions:
- Traditional practices result in:
(a) low yield (b) high yield (c) no yield (d) none
Answer: (a) - Modern farming requires:
(a) more investment (b) less investment (c) no investment (d) none
Answer: (a) - Modern practices include:
(a) HYV seeds (b) irrigation (c) fertilizers (d) all
Answer: (d) - Better management practices aim at:
(a) increasing yield (b) reducing loss (c) saving inputs (d) all
Answer: (d) - Mechanization of agriculture reduces:
(a) productivity (b) labour requirement (c) crop quality (d) none
Answer: (b)
Case Study 3: Manures and Fertilizers
A farmer applied cow dung manure in one part of his field and chemical fertilizer (urea) in another. He observed that manure improved soil texture, while fertilizer gave instant nutrient supply.
Questions:
- Manure improves:
(a) soil fertility (b) soil texture (c) water retention (d) all
Answer: (d) - Fertilizers supply:
(a) organic matter (b) specific nutrients (c) humus (d) none
Answer: (b) - Excess fertilizer use causes:
(a) soil degradation (b) water pollution (c) eutrophication (d) all
Answer: (d) - Organic manure is obtained from:
(a) animals (b) plants (c) both (d) none
Answer: (c) - Long-term soil health maintained by:
(a) fertilizers (b) manures (c) pesticides (d) none
Answer: (b)
Case Study 4: Irrigation
In drought-prone regions, farmers installed tube wells and drip irrigation systems to provide water directly to crop roots, saving water and improving yield.
Questions:
- Irrigation is important because:
(a) water is essential for photosynthesis (b) helps nutrient absorption (c) prevents wilting (d) all
Answer: (d) - Drip irrigation is best for:
(a) paddy (b) wheat (c) fruit crops (d) none
Answer: (c) - Source of irrigation in villages = ?
(a) wells (b) tube wells (c) canals (d) all
Answer: (d) - Waterlogging is caused by:
(a) excessive irrigation (b) drip irrigation (c) sprinkler irrigation (d) none
Answer: (a) - Best method to save water = ?
(a) flood irrigation (b) drip irrigation (c) canal irrigation (d) none
Answer: (b)
Case Study 5: Cropping Patterns
Farmers adopted crop rotation (wheat + legumes), mixed cropping (wheat + mustard), and intercropping (maize + beans) to improve soil fertility and reduce risk of crop failure.
Questions:
- Crop rotation helps in:
(a) soil fertility (b) pest control (c) both (d) none
Answer: (c) - Mixed cropping reduces:
(a) disease risk (b) crop failure risk (c) soil erosion (d) none
Answer: (b) - Example of intercropping:
(a) wheat + rice (b) maize + beans (c) sugarcane + wheat (d) none
Answer: (b) - Cropping pattern that increases legume nitrogen fixation:
(a) intercropping (b) crop rotation (c) both (d) none
Answer: (b) - Advantage of cropping patterns:
(a) better soil health (b) better yield (c) reduced pests (d) all
Answer: (d)
Case Study 6: Crop Protection
A farmer noticed locusts damaging his field. He used pesticides but in recommended quantity to avoid soil and water pollution.
Questions:
- Crop protection from:
(a) weeds (b) insects (c) diseases (d) all
Answer: (d) - Pesticides kill:
(a) insects (b) weeds (c) bacteria (d) none
Answer: (a) - Excess pesticide use causes:
(a) pollution (b) food poisoning (c) soil harm (d) all
Answer: (d) - Weeds are controlled by:
(a) insecticides (b) weedicides (c) fungicides (d) none
Answer: (b) - Safer alternative for pest control:
(a) organic farming (b) biological control (c) neem extract (d) all
Answer: (d)
Case Study 7: Animal Husbandry
A dairy farmer kept cows and buffaloes for milk production. He provided them with balanced diet, vaccination, and hygienic shelter.
Questions:
- Animal husbandry includes:
(a) cattle farming (b) poultry (c) fishery (d) all
Answer: (d) - Milk yield increases by:
(a) cross-breeding (b) better feed (c) healthcare (d) all
Answer: (d) - Vaccination prevents:
(a) diseases (b) pests (c) weeds (d) none
Answer: (a) - Balanced diet of cattle includes:
(a) roughage (b) concentrates (c) minerals & vitamins (d) all
Answer: (d) - Hygienic shelters prevent:
(a) infections (b) production loss (c) animal death (d) all
Answer: (d)
Case Study 8: Poultry Farming
Farmers started poultry farming for eggs and meat. They used improved breeds for high yield and vaccinated birds to avoid diseases.
Questions:
- Poultry farming provides:
(a) eggs (b) meat (c) both (d) none
Answer: (c) - Egg-laying hens require:
(a) protein-rich feed (b) calcium (c) vitamins (d) all
Answer: (d) - Improved breeds ensure:
(a) more eggs (b) better meat quality (c) disease resistance (d) all
Answer: (d) - Vaccination prevents:
(a) poultry diseases (b) soil erosion (c) weed growth (d) none
Answer: (a) - By-products of poultry:
(a) manure (b) feathers (c) both (d) none
Answer: (c)
Case Study 9: Fishery
In coastal villages, fishery provided employment. Capture fishing from sea and culture fishery in ponds both contributed to food supply.
Questions:
- Fish farming in ponds = ?
(a) capture fishing (b) culture fishery (c) both (d) none
Answer: (b) - Marine fishing includes:
(a) prawns (b) tuna (c) both (d) none
Answer: (c) - Composite fish culture = ?
(a) different fish species together (b) only one fish (c) artificial fish (d) none
Answer: (a) - Fish is rich in:
(a) proteins (b) vitamins (c) minerals (d) all
Answer: (d) - Blue revolution is related to:
(a) milk (b) fish (c) honey (d) wheat
Answer: (b)
Case Study 10: Apiculture (Beekeeping)
Farmers adopted beekeeping along with farming. Honeybees provided honey and wax, while also pollinating crops to improve yield.
Questions:
- Beekeeping is called:
(a) apiculture (b) sericulture (c) pisciculture (d) floriculture
Answer: (a) - Product of apiculture:
(a) silk (b) honey & wax (c) fish (d) eggs
Answer: (b) - Honeybees help in:
(a) pollination (b) fertilization (c) soil fertility (d) none
Answer: (a) - Honey is rich in:
(a) proteins (b) vitamins (c) carbohydrates (d) none
Answer: (c) - Best breed of honeybee in India:
(a) Apis indica (b) Apis mellifera (c) Apis dorsata (d) all
Answer: (d)